In 1957, roughly one out of 30 Alaskan natives was quarantined in a tuberculosis hospital. Already widespread in Europe, the disease made its way to the United States and was advancing. In the wake of a pervasive outbreak, the United States Public Health Service commissioned doctors to research patterns of the bacteria. Among the candidates, one epidemiologist, Dr. George W. Comstock, who expressed extensive interest in preventative tuberculosis treatment, rose to the challenge to curb the outbreak. After organizing numerous clinical trials, his research and statistical understanding highlighted the most effective vaccine against tuberculosis. The data, organizational procedures, and skills utilized by Comstock in Alaska remain as updated guidelines still used by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

(Selvam & Passannante, 2008).

The unique blend of skills used by Dr. Comstock highlight this week’s leadership perspective—Skills Approach. This week, you examine the similarities and differences between Skills Approach and Trait Theory. You also analyze how a Skills Approach to leadership may offer a valuable framework for leaders in the field of public health.

Reference: Selvam, N., & Passannante, M. (2008). Commentary: More than just luck—The impact of Dr. George W. Comstock on tuberculosis in the 20th century.
American Journal of Epidemiology, 168(7), 683–686.

Learning Objectives

Students will:

• Analyze similarities and differences between Skills Approach and Trait Theory of leadership
• Apply Skills Approach and Trait Theory to personal leadership philosophies
• Analyze skills and traits in leaders
• Evaluate skills and traits in leaders
• Evaluate systemic issues in public health settings
• Apply systems thinking to strategies for systems improvement

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Learning Resources

Required Readings

Nahavandi, A. (2014).
The art and science of leadership (7th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson.

• Chapter 4, “Individual Differences and Traits”

Genat, B., & Robinson, P. (2010). New competencies for public health graduates: A useful tool for course design. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 34(5), 513 – 516.

Mumford, M. D., Zaccaro, S. J., Harding, F. D., Jacobs, T. O., & Fleishman, E. A. (2000). Leadership skills for a changing world: Solving complex social problems. Leadership Quarterly, 11(1), 11-35.

Topol, E. (2004). Failing the public health–Rofecoxib, Merck, and the FDA. The New England Journal of Medicine, 351(17), 1707-1709.

Optional Resources

Leadership IQ. Test Your Leadership: Are You a 100% Leader? Retrieved from
https://www.leadershipiq.com/test-your-leadership-…

Murray, A. (2011). Leadership styles. [Adapted from] Wall Street Journal’s Guide to Management. Retrieved from
http://guides.wsj.com/management/developing-a-lead…

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Discussion: Skills Versus Traits and the Systems Perspective

Skills Approach differs from Trait Theory because it focuses on an individual’s skills and abilities versus an individual’s traits. Although traits may be important for a leader in public health, skills also determine leadership effectiveness. Contemporary research has noted that an individual may garner skills and competencies from professional experiences. For example, a leader’s skills derived from non-profit experience securing funds for multiple, low-funded health clinics may assist in developing valuable competencies in matters of negotiation and organization. From developed skills and competencies, an individual may gain a leadership position or emerge as an effective leader.

For this Discussion, review the Learning Resources, with specific attention to the journal article by Mumford, Zaccaro, Harding, Jacobs, and Fleishman. Reflect on skills and traits that might be necessary for leadership within a public health setting. Also, think about how traits and skills may relate to your personal public health leadership philosophy.

By Day 4

Post a brief comparison (similarities and differences) of Skills Approach and Trait Theory. Then, explain if a skill can be a trait, or a trait can be a skill. Justify your response and provide an example. Finally, explain how each might relate to your personal public health leadership philosophy. Be specific.

Read the attached information and watch the video posted above.

Assume the first role, that of Samantha (Sam) Pinder, Executive V.P. of Finance, a mediator/facilitator. Two other roles are also printed out to assist you in understanding how the parties view the dispute.
Resolve this dispute using the Steps in the Mediation Process and the Mediator’s guide which follows the role information.

Detail what takes place at each step. In the end, describe the outcome for all parties.

APA style， The length of the paper should 8—10 pages but not exceed 10 pages,

Post a draft of the introductory paragraph of your research paper. While there is no set word limit for this assignment, the content must include sufficient background information to set the context for your problem and include your thesis statement. You are encouraged to try one of the techniques outlined in the readings to create an engaging, interesting introduction.

Please use attached thesis statement as reference.

Write a 600-750 word essay (approximately 2-3 pages) that applies some concept or set of related concepts to an interpersonal relationship or a task-oriented group that you observe, or to some aspect of contemporary media culture. You may choose a friendly relationship, a family relationship, a romantic relationship, or any other interpersonal relationship you think is interesting. Or, you may choose a work related group, a club or team to which you belong, or any other task-oriented group you think is interesting. Or you may look at a relationship or group in a fictional popular culture text. Remember, the objective of this approach is to apply course concepts to an existing relationship or group, not to describe in lay terms a relationship or group of which you are a part. Alternatively, you may look at some aspect of media culture, such as the way different news outlets present a local issue, or at the way a particular group is represented in a media text. Your paper should have three parts: first, briefly describe the relationship, group, or text you are analyzing; second, identify and explain briefly the concept or concepts you are looking at; third, discuss how the concept helps you better understand some aspect of what you are analyzing. You might find that a particular relationship or group departs from what might be expected, and explain how and why. Again, the purpose of the assignment is to get you to apply course concepts, not merely to talk about your relationships or groups to which you belong, or about videos you watch. Be sure to look at what the text and lecture have to say about appropriate self disclosure in deciding what to write about.

Preparation: Look carefully at what the text about the concepts or topics that interest you. You may also find interesting and helpful concepts from verbal (Chapters 6 and 8) and nonverbal communication (Chapter 7). If you choose to look at a relationship or group to write about, be sure to choose something which you can look at with a certain amount of detachment, and which will not involve inappropriate self-disclosure, nor violate anyone’s confidence. Be sure to observe carefully the relationship you choose to analyze, and look for evidence to support your observations and claims. Don’t say, for example, “Self-disclosure is important in this relationship;” instead say, “The topics of conversation suggest that the relationship is developing because th involve more self disclosure,” or “The level of self-disclosure seems inappropriate to the relationship, as evidenced by discussions of very personal information.”

Other: Papers should be typed, double-spaced, with page numbers to identify from where in the text you have drawn material about concepts. Papers should follow the MLA Handbook guidelines for manuscript preparation. Be sure to look at the Criteria for Evaluating Written Work while preparing your essay. You may choose to submit your essay electronically; you must follow the Rules for Submitting Papers Electronically or I am likely not to receive your essay and you will receive a grade of “0” (zero).

Grading: In addition to the general criteria for written work, you will be evaluated on the extent to which you provide insight into the issues you address, as well as your ability to effectively integrate course concepts and your observations into an essay.

(********PS. i attached a file with the terms i want to use foe the essay. Technically, use one of the nonverbal communication terms to relate to contemporary media culture)********!!!!Thank you(:

Question 1. AOL bought customers from CD Now for $60 per customer. CD Now’s annual retention rate was 60 percent, and customers generated $15 of profit per year. Assuming an annual discount rate of 12 percent, evaluate AOL’s purchase of CD Now customers.

Question 2. It costs Ameritrade $203 to acquire a customer. Ameritrade earned $200 per year from a customer and had an annual retention rate of 95 percent. Assuming cash flows are discounted at 12 percent, estimate the value of a customer and the net of acquisition costs.

Question 3. Assume the annual retention rate for a cell phone subscriber is 70 percent and the customer generates $300 per year in profit. Assuming an annual discount rate of 8 percent, compute the value of a customer.

Question 4. Each year Capital Two retains 75 percent of its customers, and the annual discount is 5 percent. What annual retention rate doubles the value of a customer?

Question 5. Assume a customer has been with a company for 10 years and has made purchases at times .2, 1.2, .8, and 3. Estimate the probability the customer is still alive.

Put all the answers in one Excel file that includes five worksheets (one worksheet for one question). Label the worksheets properly.