Find the “Global Perspectives:  Shifts in Science and Medicine That Changed Healthcare time line’ and answer the two questions below in   250 words min. Attach Plag Report when finished. Only use the source listed above.

Consider how the U.S. health care system has evolved over the past 50 years. In your post, 1. Choose one of the influencing factors from the Global Perspectives:  Shifts in Science and Medicine That Changed Healthcare time line and  discuss its impact on the health care system.
2.Rationalize why your chosen influencing factor has been revolutionary for the health care system.

The Case of the Missionary Health Care Worker in Africa

Jenny, a twenty-two year old college graduate, has recently decided to spend two years as a missionary in a coastal African village. As part of her duties, she will work in the missionary clinic that has recently been established in the village. This clinic will provide routine medical care and a traveling physician and nurse will visit once each week. Jenny feels fortunate to have the opportunity to use the information that was presented to her in various classes she completed while in college. After completing a 4-month intensive training period (language classes, medical preparation for work in the clinic, and cultural enrichment), she departed for Africa.

Upon her arrival, Jenny found that she would be spending most of her time in the clinic since the village had been without routine medical care for the past 2 years. The previous clinic was closed due to flooding and insufficient funds to rebuild. Initially, Jenny found that she was very dependent upon the physician’s weekly visits since her training was limited. Gradually, she found that she was beginning to call upon her training (both clinical and classroom) and she felt comfortable diagnosing and treating some of the more routine cases. One morning, a mother came in with her five-year-old child. The mother reported that the child had been unable to eat or drink anything for the past day because of vomiting. In addition, her child was experiencing severe diarrhea. Jenny asked the mother if any other family members were exhibiting similar symptoms, to which the mother replied that a few other members of the family had similar symptoms, however, not as severe. Jenny’s first thought was that the symptoms were very similar to those she had exhibited following a bout of food poisoning while in college. Since the villagers had no refrigeration and poor sanitation, Jenny gave the mother an electrolyte solution containing glucose similar to Gatorade® and told the mother to have the affected children consume this solution and nothing else for the next 24 hours. After that time, if the children were no longer vomiting, she could start feeding them tea and broth. Jenny also cautioned the mother that if the children did not seem to be getting better after 24 hours to bring the children back to the clinic.

The next morning Jenny opened the clinic to find the mother, and not just the child she had seen the previous day, but three more of the woman’s children. All of the children were exhibiting similar symptoms that now included muscle cramping and excessive thirst in addition to diarrhea and vomiting. When checking the vital signs of the children, Jenny noticed increases in both the pulse and respiratory rates accompanied by decreased blood pressures. Uncertain as to the appropriate course of action, Jenny contacted the physician by radio. Upon conveying the histories and information to the physician, Jenny received instructions to keep the children at the clinic, start intravenous (IV) infusion with lactated Ringer’s solution, and allow the children to drink as much of the electrolyte solution with glucose as they would like. The physician also gave Jenny a list of laboratory tests to run on the blood, urine and stool samples that she should collect. Jenny started the IV infusions and gave each child some of the electrolyte solution. After this, she obtained stool, blood and urine samples from each child and asked the mother to leave the children with her for care and observation. The mother agreed and said she would return later that night to help with the children.

The results of the tests run indicated severe metabolic acidosis, an increased hematocrit, hypokalemia, and the presence of Vibrio cholerae bacteria in the stool samples. Based on the results of these tests, the physician and Jenny diagnosed the children with cholera and obtained a more detailed history in an attempt to determine whether these individuals were the only ones exposed or whether these cases were the first of a possible epidemic. Jenny and the physician found that the family had recently visited relatives in a distant village where similar symptoms had been present in a number of families that had all celebrated a recent shellfish harvest.

The physician prescribed continued IV infusions with lactated Ringer’s solution and electrolyte fluid replacement by mouth. The children were not allowed to consume other foods or drinks, especially coffee or any other beverages containing caffeine. The children were also told that once the vomiting stopped they could start consuming solid foods. The children were all treated with antibiotics and stool samples were taken from other family members to determine whether or not they were infected with Vibrio cholerae. Infected, asymptomatic individuals were treated with antibiotics. The physician later explained to Jenny that caffeine was prohibited because the toxin produced by the bacteria (termed choleragen) binds to the surface of the epithelial cells of the small intestine and activates adenylate cyclase. In addition, the toxin interferes with the active transport of sodium ions in the intestinal lumen.

Why did Jenny initially suspect that the child and other family members were experiencing food poisoning? Upon further evaluation on the second day why would the child present an increased pulse and respiratory rate but decreased blood pressure?

Here are the discussion board requirements. The initial discussion post must be at least 250 words of content, referencing the reading of the week, and include a scholarly source. Plagiarism of any kind will result in a “0”.

evidence table for their EBP project in research class.  

 

Build on Assignment #1. You will cover the same health problem and the same policy unless otherwise indicated by your instructor.  Some remedial action on Assignment #1 may be required in order for students to proceed to Assignment #2. Complete the following using the format provided. Except for titles, the narrative format is expected with complete sentences. The table should be single-spaced maximum 2.5 pages. Also, include a cover page and a reference page in APA Format.

HGMT 310 Assignment #2

Student Name:

Type your name here.

Assignment #2 Title:

Provide the title of your topic in this section and the official title of the legislation 

Agency Responsible for Implementation:

Identify the agency and subunit (such as a bureau or office) responsible for implementing the policy.  If multiple agencies are involved indicate who is responsible for what. 

Agency Responsible for Enforcement:

What federal or state agency is responsible for enforcement?

What are the key areas for enforcement (provider, payer, producer, patient)?

Implementation:

How is the legislation implemented?

Discuss any programs that were implemented as a result of this policy.

What federal or state agency is charged with its implementation? 

Are local public health departments involved?

Are collaborating organizations engaged to achieve the aims of the policy? 

Are citizen’s involved?

Health providers or organizations?

Are grants awarded to organizations to execute the policy (i.e. FDA, CDC, etc)?

Impact on Health Service Organizations:

What does a Health Care Manager need to know about this legislation? Does the implementation of this policy impact how Healthcare Managers deliver services? 

Include five bullets on how this legislation impacts health services organizations operating in your home state.

Resource:

What internet resources are available to health organizations to find updates on programs implemented as a result of the policy you described? 

All sections of Assignment #2 are required.

Writing Requirements (APA format) Length: 2 pages (not including title page or references page) Use standard essay writing process by including an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion. 1-inch margins Double spaced 12-point Times New Roman font Title page References page (minimum of 2 scholarly source) No abstract is required In-text citations that correspond with your end references

 Women in Colonial America  Pick two colonies (New England, Middle, or Southern colonies) and explain how women’s roles differ in the two colonies of your choice. Describe what legal rights women held during the colonial period. Analyze how Native women’s lives were different from colonial women’s lives.