need to be done by tomorrow

Learning Outcome 1: Mendel used the scientific approach to identify two laws of inheritance

• Match the following terms with their definitions
• Fill in each empty box assuming that having hair for guinea pigs follows Mendelian inheritance, where the dominant allele (H) codes for hair and the recessive allele (h) codes for hairless.
• Set up the Punnett squares for each of the crosses listed below. Round seeds is the dominant phenotype and wrinkled seeds are recessive.
• You have a brown bunny and want to know its genotype. You cross it with a white bunny. Brown coat color is dominant to white coat color. This kind of cross is called a ______________. If you observe that some of the offspring from that cross are white, then what is the genotype of the brown bunny? _____________________
• Plump chicken body size (P) is dominant to skinny chicken body size (p). Aggressive behavior (A) is dominant to docile behavior (a). A male rooster is mated with a female chicken, and both parents are heterozygous for both traits (i.e. both are dihybrid). What are the expected genotypic and phenotypic ratios among their offspring?
• What is the expected genotype of the mother (I-1) in the above pedigree? ____________________

_____e__	Dominant Allele	a. the mating of two true-breeding individuals that have different traits.
_______	Recessive Allele	b. individuals that upon self-fertilization produce only offspring that look like themselves.
_____k__	Genotype	c. offspring of the Parental Generation.
____i___	Phenotype	d. two different genes do not influence one another with regard which allele ends up in a gamete; therefore four different gametes types are expected at equal frequency.
___b____	Homozygous	e. has no noticeable effect on an organism’s appearance when present in an individual together with the dominant allele.
____f___	Heterozygous	f. the 2 alleles of a particular gene in an individual are different from one another.
_______	True-breeding	g. the offspring of two F1 individuals, known as the second filial generation.
_______	Hybridization	h. a requirement of both parents used in first-generation crosses.
_____h__	P Generation	i. observable physical and/or physiological traits of an organism.
_____c__	F1 Generation	j. determines the organism’s appearance if present, symbolized by a capitol letter.
____g___	F2 Generation	k. a description of the genetic makeup of an individual
_______	Principle of Segregation	l. the 2 copies of a particular gene in an individual (found on homologous chromosomes) are the same.
_______	Principle of Independent Assortment	m. the two copies of a gene always do not end up in the same gamete, rather a particular gamete has an equal likelihood of inheriting either copy.

Learning Outcome 2: Probability laws govern Mendelian inheritance

2)In the Punnett square on the right, how copies of gene H (whether allele H or allele h) does a baby guinea pig inherit from its mother? ___yes____

3)How many copies of gene H does a baby guinea pig inherit from its father? ___1____

Genotype	Homozygous recessive, homozygous dominant, or heterozygous	Phenotype
HH		Hairy
hh		Hairless
Hh	Heterozygous	hairless

5)A true-breeding hairy guinea pig and a true-breeding hairless guinea pig mate. What percentage of their offspring will be hairless? _____all_

6)Two hairy guinea pigs are mated several times to produce 100 offspring. 25 of their offspring were hairless. Indicate the genotypes of the each of the two parents. _____75_______ and ____25____________

Rr x rr		What percentage of the offspring will be round? ___50____ What is the genotypic ratio? _____________________ What is the phenotypic ratio? _____________________
RR x rr		What percentage of the offspring will be round? ______ What is the genotypic ratio? _____________________ What is the phenotypic ratio? _____________________
RR x Rr		What percentage of the offspring will be wrinkled? ___100__ What is the genotypic ratio? _____________________ What is the phenotypic ratio? _____________________
Rr x Rr		What percentage of the offspring will be wrinkled? ___75__ What is the genotypic ratio? _____________________ What is the phenotypic ratio? _____________________

9)A tall, green, pea plant (TtGG) is crossed with a short, white, pea plant (ttgg). If TT and Tt individuals are tall, tt are short, GG and Gg are green, and gg are white, what fraction of their offspring are expected be both short and white? _______ Show your work.

Learning Outcome 3: Inheritance patterns are often more complex than predicted by simple Mendelian genetics

11) In cattle, roan color (mixed red and white hairs) occurs in the heterozygous (Rr) offspring of red (RR) and white (rr) homozygotes. When two roan cattle are crossed, what is the expected phenotypic frequency among their offspring? _________________

12) Ellie May, a mother with type B blood, has a child with type O blood. She claims that Jethro, who has type A blood, is the father. He claims that he cannot possibly be the father. Based on this information only, is it possible that Jethro is the father? _______

If blood tests ordered by the judge revealed that the father is homozygous in genotype, is it possible for Jethro to be the father? ____________________________

Learning Outcome 4: Many human traits follow Mendelian patterns of inheritance

13) This figure shows a human pedigree. The black symbols indicate individuals with achondroplasia. Based on the information presented in this figure, what type of inheritance is this expected to be? a) dominant b) recessive

15) What is the phenotype and genotype of the person indicated by a clear square (number II-8) in the above pedigree? Phenotype = ______________, Genotype = ­_____________