Visual Museum, art & design homework help

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This week, answer all three of the questions below. Reference any materials for the answers to these
questions (remember to cite outside resources). Your answers should be
in essay format, be a minimum of three-five sentences each, and include
at least three glossary terms per question.

  1. Visit the Google Art Project: http://www.museothyssen.org/en/thyssen/zoom_obra/1062. Look at Hotel Room, a painting by Edward Hopper in the Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza.
    • Describe
      in formal terms how the strong verticals and horizontals securely hold
      the parts of the painting together. What does the diagonal of the bed
      provide? Now move close and examine the paint work. How do the
      near-architectural elements fit with the lush paint?
  2. Re-Read
    the article in this week chapter Art and Society, “Degenerate Art,” AND
    go online and watch the video “Art in Nazi Germany,” at SmartHistory
    (LINK: http://smarthistory.khanacademy.org/national-socialist-nazi-art.html?searched=degenerate&highlight=ajaxSearch_highlight+ajaxSearch_highlight1) After
    reading the article in the book and watching the online video, and
    based on your understanding of the threat that ideas generated by the
    arts can have to repressive governments, what are your thoughts on
    something like this happening in the United States? Do you think in our
    current information-saturated culture that the arts still have the
    ability to sway popular opinion?

3. Identify and Detail the picture in the attachment and answer the following questions.

  • Who is the artist?
  • Which movement does this represent and why?
  • What is the subject of this work?

Glossary Terms:

  • Analytic Cubism
    • The first
      phase of Cubism, developed jointly by Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque,
      in which the artists analyzed form from every possible vantage point to
      combine the various views into one pictorial whole.

  • Art Deco
    • Descended
      from Art Nouveau, this movement of the 1920s and 1930s sought to
      upgrade industrial design in competition with “fine art” and to work new
      materials into decorative patterns that could be either machined or
      handcrafted. Characterized by streamlined, elongated, and symmetrical
      design.

  • Avant-garde
    • French,
      “advance guard” (in a platoon). Late-19th- and 20th-century artists who
      emphasized innovation and challenged established convention in their
      work. Also used as an adjective.

  • Bauhaus
    • A
      school of architecture in Germany in the 1920s under the aegis of
      Walter Gropius, who emphasized the unity of art, architecture, and
      design.

  • Collage
    • A
      composition made by combining on a flat surface various materials, such
      as newspaper, wallpaper, printed text and illustrations, photographs,
      and cloth.

  • Constructivism
    • An
      early-20th-century Russian art movement formulated by Naum Gabo, who
      built up his sculptures piece by piece in space instead of carving or
      modeling them. In this way the sculptor worked with “volume of mass” and
      “volume of space” as different materials.

  • Cubism
    • An
      early-20th-century art movement that rejected naturalistic depictions,
      preferring compositions of shapes and forms abstracted from the
      conventionally perceived world. See also Analytic Cubism and Synthetic
      Cubism.

  • Dada
    • An
      early-20th-century art movement prompted by a revulsion against the
      horror of World War I. Dada embraced political anarchy, the irrational,
      and the intuitive. A disdain for convention, often enlivened by humor or
      whimsy, is characteristic of the art the Dadaists produced.

  • De Stijl
    • Dutch,
      “the style.” An early-20th-century art movement (and magazine), founded
      by Piet Mondrian and Theo van Doesburg, whose members promoted utopian
      ideals and developed a simplified geometric style.

  • Der Blaue Reiter
    • German,
      “the blue rider.” An early-20th-century German Expressionist art
      movement founded by Vassily Kandinsky and Franz Marc. The artists
      selected the whimsical name because of their mutual interest in the
      color blue and horses.

  • Die Brücke
    • German,
      “the bridge.” An early-20th-century German Expressionist art movement
      under the leadership of Ernst Ludwig Kirchner. The group thought of
      itself as the bridge between the old age and the new.

  • Expressionism (adj. Expressionist)
    • Twentieth-century
      art that is the result of the artist’s unique inner or personal vision
      and that often has an emotional dimension. Expressionism contrasts with
      art focused on visually describing the empirical world.

  • Fauves
    • French, “wild beasts.” See Fauvism.

  • Fauvism
    • An
      early-20th-century art movement led by Henri Matisse. For the Fauves,
      color became the formal element most responsible for pictorial coherence
      and the primary conveyor of meaning.

  • Futurism
    • An
      early-20th-century Italian art movement that championed war as a
      cleansing agent and that celebrated the speed and dynamism of modern
      technology.

  • Naturalistic Surrealism
    • A
      successor to Dada, Surrealism incorporated the improvisational nature
      of its predecessor into its exploration of the ways to express in art
      the world of dreams and the unconscious. Biomorphic Surrealists, such as
      Joan Miró, produced largely abstract compositions. Naturalistic
      Surrealists, notably Salvador Dalí, presented recognizable scenes
      transformed into a dream or nightmare image.

  • Neoplasticism
    • The
      Dutch artist Piet Mondrian’s theory of “pure plastic art,” an ideal
      balance between the universal and the individual using an abstract
      formal vocabulary.

  • Photomontage
    • A composition made by pasting together pictures or parts of pictures, especially photographs. See also collage.

  • Primitivism
    • The
      incorporation in early-20th-century Western art of stylistic elements
      from the artifacts of Africa, Oceania, and the native peoples of the
      Americas.

  • Regionalism
    • A
      20th-century American art movement that portrayed American rural life
      in a clearly readable, realist style. Major Regionalists include Grant
      Wood and Thomas Hart Benton.

  • Surrealism
    • A
      successor to Dada, Surrealism incorporated the improvisational nature
      of its predecessor into its exploration of the ways to express in art
      the world of dreams and the unconscious. Biomorphic Surrealists, such as
      Joan Miró, produced largely abstract compositions. Naturalistic
      Surrealists, notably Salvador Dalí, presented recognizable scenes
      transformed into a dream or nightmare image.

  • Synthetic Cubism
    • A
      later phase of Cubism, in which paintings and drawings were constructed
      from objects and shapes cut from paper or other materials to represent
      parts of a subject, in order to engage the viewer with pictorial issues,
      such as figuration, realism, and abstraction.

  • Trompe l’oeil
    • French,
      “fools the eye.” A form of illusionistic painting that aims to deceive
      viewers into believing that they are seeing real objects rather than a
      representation of those objects.