• Prescriptive Authority and the Physician Assistant: Please describe and explain the following:
• What are the prescribing practices of physicians?
• As primary care nurse practitioners (NPs) continue to develop their role as prescribers of medications, what will become most important?
• What is the significance for a primary care NP who will practice in a state in which the governor has opted out of the federal facility reimbursement requirement. How does this define how NPs may write prescriptions?
• Do CRNAs require a DEA number? Why or Why not?
• What does the current trend to transition the NPs to the Doctorate level mean? Why has The American Association of Colleges of Nursing recommended this?
• What is an important difference between physician assistants (PAs) and NPs?

• Overview of PA Role
• Qualifications
• Education
• Certification
• Legal Foundation of Prescriptive Authority

Please answer the following questions as a supplement to week 2 lecture.

• Drug metabolism, bioavailability and excretion. Explain the factors that affect how the body acts to metabolize and excrete a drug. What is bioavailability?
• Explain pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.
• Explain why it may be important to stick to a particular brand for drugs with narrow therapeutic ranges
• Explain the differences between an inducer, a substrate, an inhibitor and a metabolizer.
• What is the definition of the therapeutic range of a drug?
• What is meant when a drug has nonlinear kinetics?
• What is the Beer’s Criteria?
• An NP is prescribing a drug that is known to be safe in children but is unable to find recommendations about drug dosing. The recommended adult dose is 100 mg per dose. The child weighs 14 kg. Using Clark’s rule, the NP should order _____ mg per dose.Clark’s rule suggests dividing the weight of the child in kg by the weight of an adult in kg and multiplying the result by the adult dose to get an approximation of the child’s dose. The average adult weighs 150 lb, or 70 kg.
• A child who weighs 22 lb, 2 oz needs a medication. The NP learns that the recommended dosing for this drug is 25 to 30 mg per kg per day in three divided doses. What is the dose?

Outlining a statute facilitates your understanding of the specific conduct that is regulated by the statute. It also provides details on how a court case resolves ambiguities and applies statutes to particular legal issues.

The first step in outlining a statute involves determining the elements, results, and exceptions of the statute in question. If the elements are linked with the word and, they must all be met to trigger the results. If elements are linked with the word or, only one of the elements must be established. If all of the elements are relevant but only some are needed, then the statute contains a factors test. A commonly known factors test is when child custody is determined by what is in the best interest of the child. The court considers factors such as the fitness of the parent, the relationship between child and parent, living accommodations, placement of siblings, educational opportunities, religious education, etc. The result is what will happen when the elements of the statute are met. Exceptions occur when an additional element is established and the usual result does not follow.

Once you have outlined a relevant statute, you can use the LexisNexis Academic database to consult the Interpretive Notes and Decisions that follow federal statutes and the Notes section that follows state statutes. They will direct you to cases that interpret specific elements of the relevant statute.

For this this Assignment: (2–3 pages)

• Outline a human trafficking international treaty. List the elements, results, and exceptions of the treaty.
• Provide a brief explanation of the treaty.
• Analyze and explain at least one statutory interpretation of the international treaty that aids in the enforcement of the treaty in a Policy Memorandum to your supervisor who is the Chief Policy Analyst for your division. In the Memorandum, use statutory law to argue either for or against the enforcement of the treaty.
• Remember to use Bluebook citation in the Memorandum.

Remember to use Bluebook citation in the Memorandum and create a 2- to 3-page paper outlining the information listed in your choice option. Submit by Day 7.

Articles

Bressman, L. S., & Gluck, A. R. (2014, April). Statutory interpretation from the inside—An empirical study of congressional drafting, delegation, and the canons. Stanford Law Review, 66(4), 725.

LawNerds.com. (2003). The rule of law–In depth. Retrieved from http://www.lawnerds.com/guide/rules.html#TheRuleof…

LawNerds.com. (2003). Analysis–In depth. Retrieved from http://www.lawnerds.com/guide/analysis.html#Analys…

Tolley, M. (2003). Judicial review of agency interpretation of statutes: Deference doctrines in comparative perspective. Policy Studies Journal, 31(3), 421–440.

Siegel, J. (2005). The polymorphic principle and the judicial role in statutory interpretation. Texas Law Review, 84(2), 339–394.

State Bar of Michigan. (n.d.). Law school for legislators: Rules of statutory interpretation. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/20140612023028/http://…

Optional Resources

Articles

Eskridge, W., Jr. (2013). Expanding Chevron’s domain: A comparative institutional analysis of the relative competence of courts and agencies to interpret statutes (Paper 4797). Faculty Scholarship Series. Retrieved from http://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/fss_papers/4797

Walker, C. J. (2015, May). Inside agency statutory interpretation. Stanford Law Review, 67(5), 1038+. Retrieved from http://auth.waldenulibrary.org/ezpws.exe?url=http:…

Ross, M. (2014). A diamond in the rough: The transnational duty to prevent human trafficking in the protocol. Duke Journal of Gender Law & Policy, 21(2), 325+. Retrieved from http://auth.waldenulibrary.org/ezpws.exe?url=http:…

Maranville, D. (2003). Helpful hints for confused law students: How to read a statute: MAP it! Retrieved from http://courses.washington.edu/civpro03/helpful_hin…

van Zyl Smit, J. (2007). The new purposive interpretation of statutes: HRA section 3 after Ghaidan v Godin-Mendoza. Modern Law Review, 70(2), 294–306. Use the Academic Search Premier database, and search using the article’s title.

Policy Memorandum Samples http://gdppc.idebate.org/sites/live/files/GDPPC%20…

Question 1 – Reflection on Patterns – 10 marks

For the use case analysed in Question 2 of Assignment 2 identify and explain the pattern/s used and justify the decision to use that/those pattern or patterns.

Question 2 – Pattern Implementation – 50 marks

Implement the controller and domain entity classes necessary to support at least the normal flow for the use case described in Question 2 Assignment 2 according to your design (or the design provided). Implement a test harness for the controller class which simulates and displays input from boundary classes and then receives and displays the system responses.

Question 3 – Reflect on the role of Design Processes within the SDLC- 40 Marks

Describe and discuss the role and timing of design processes within the SDLC with specific reference to:

1. Software Architecture
2. Database Design
3. User Interface Design
4. Use Case Realization
5. Detailed Design

Rationale

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This assessment task will assess the following learning outcome/s:

• be able to analyse and verify system requirements.
• be able to produce and verify analysis and design models for a system.
• be able to evaluate a problem and determine the appropriate architectural style for the solution.
• be able to evaluate and choose appropriate software design patterns to compose the design of a software system.

Marking criteria and standards

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Question 1: Reflection on Patterns – 10 marks
Criteria	High Distinction	Distinction	Credit	Pass
Mark	8.5-10	7.5-7.4	6.5-7.4	5.0-6.4
How well does the identification and explanation reflect an understanding of software patterns?	Identification of pattern or patterns correct, well justified and well explained.	Identification of pattern or patterns correct, somewhat justified and well explained.	Identification of pattern or patterns generally correct, and somewhat explained.	Identification of pattern or patterns partially correct, and somewhat explained.

Question 2: Pattern Implementation – 50 marks
Criteria	High Distinction	Distinction	Credit	Pass
Mark	42.5-50	37.5-42.4	32.5-37.4	25.0-32.4
How well does the implementation reflect an understanding of mapping a design into code?	Implementation exactly implements the illustrated design. Implementation closely follows good object-oriented design principles. Implementation closely follows good coding style guidelines.	Implementation mostly implements the illustrated design. Implementation mostly follows good object-oriented design principles. Implementation mostly follows good coding style guidelines.	Implementation generally implements the illustrated design. Implementation generally follows good object-oriented design principles. Implementation generally follows good coding style guidelines.	Implementation partially implements the illustrated design. Implementation partially follows good object-oriented design principles. Implementation partially follows good coding style guidelines.

Code style Guidelines:

1. Meaningful variable names
2. Good use of space to provide visual separation of logical blocks of code
3. Correct use of commenting – neither too sparse or too dense
4. Consistent indentation
5. No extraneous or ‘fossil’ code
6. Variable names are nouns and start with lower case character
7. Class names are nouns and start with an Uppercase character
8. Variable and class names use camelCase convention and apply it consistently
9. No numeric literals
10. Capitalised constant variables
11. Minimal use of end-of-line comments
12. No needless repetition
13. No testing of complement in selection structures
14. Meaningful method names that are action statements

Q3 – Reflect on the role of Design Processes within the SDLC – 40 marks
Criteria	High Distinction	Distinction	Credit	Pass
Mark	34.0-40.0	30.0-34.9	26.0-29.9	20 – 25.9
How well does the reflective discussion demonstrate a correct understanding of the role and application of design processes within an iterative software development process?	Discussion demonstrates a detailed, clear, comprehensive, and correct understanding of the role and timing of the processes involved in defining a software architecture, determining a database design, designing a user interface, use case realization, and detailed design within an iterative software development process.	Discussion demonstrates a correct understanding of the role and timing of the processes involved in defining a software architecture, determining a database design, designing a user interface, use case realization, and detailed design within an iterative software development process.	Discussion demonstrates a generally correct understanding of the role and timing of the processes involved in defining a software architecture, determining a database design, designing a user interface, use case realization, and detailed design within an iterative software development process.	Discussion demonstrates a partially correct understanding of the role and timing of the processes involved in defining a software architecture, determining a database design, designing a user interface, use case realization, and detailed design within an iterative software development process.

Presentation

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All text and all diagrams should be concatenated and presented in a single MS Word compatible word processed document.

Diagrams should be exported as a high resolution PNG image file before incorporation into the word processed document.

Source code should be packaged into a ZIP file that unpacks into the appropriate package structure.

It is the student’s responsibility to ensure that all diagrams in their submission are readable.

It is also the students responsibility to ensure that only ZIP files are used for source code. No other compression format is acceptable. 7ZIP, RAR and other file format users please take note.

Requirements

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It is necessary to prepare diagrams using a CASE tool that produces UML compatible diagrams.