For each topic listed below, please:

A. Identify one epidemiologic measure of a public health issue related to this topic (prevalence, incidence rate, mortality rate, etc.)

B. Identify a public health intervention that has targeted a public health issue related to this topic. Briefly explain the intervention (one or two sentences).

C. Identify any data on the effectiveness of the intervention. If it is qualitative data (e.g., participants’ feedback on the program), describe the general themes in a sentence or two. If it is quantitative data, describe one or two important findings in a sentence or two.

D. For at least one topic, your source should be a peer-reviewed journal article.  For one topic, find an example of a t-test/ANOVA, Chi-Square test, linear regression, and/or logistic regression in a peer-reviewed journal article. Note the example and its interpretation. Do you agree with the interpretation that the author(s) made for this statistical test?

Topics: 

1. Stress and Health

2. Tobacco Use

3. Alcohol Consumption

4. Substance Abuse

5. Overweight and obesity

6. Mental Health

Please be sure to answer A-C for all six topics listed above.

Unit II Case Study

For your case study, read the sections titled “Visionary” through “ Affiliative Summary” of the following article from the required reading assignment: Preston, G., Moon, J., Simon, R., Allen, S., & Kossi, E. (2015).

The relevance of emotional intelligence in project leadership.

Journal of Information Technology and Economic Development, 6(1), 16–40. In your case study, be sure to address the following items:

Include a brief statement as to which of the leadership styles (visionary, coaching, affiliative, democratic, pacesetting, and commanding) presented in the article that you are most comfortable employing, in general.

Select and analyze one of the scenarios below.

Be sure to provide the number of the scenario you chose.

Scenario 1: As a manager, you have two employees who have a difficult time working together. While nothing specifically unprofessional has been done by either one of them, other team members have expressed concern that the differences between them are causing tension, and some other team members are having difficulty performing their work. Some have even gone so far as to say that the situation is causing a hostile work environment. BUS 3651, Leadership

2 Scenario 2: You are a newly hired department director, brought on board to help turn around a struggling department. The members of this department are highly educated and are taking steps to improve the professional development of department members. Despite these efforts, they feel they are underappreciated and also feel that they lack a voice in the direction in which the department is moving. You have leadership experience in a variety of industries. Based on your understanding of the discussed leadership styles in the article, which would you choose to handle this situation? What elements of that style do you feel will be most helpful in resolving the problems faced? How would you proceed with handling the scenario? How does the role of leadership in the decision-making process serve to establish an organizational climate oriented to meet business goals?

Utilize the Waldorf Online Library to locate one journal article to use as a reference that supports your case study. Your case study should be two to three pages in length. Be sure to include the rubric elements from the guidelines below:

The analysis should present an insightful and thorough discussion with strong arguments and evidence. The content should be highly relevant and informative while remaining on topic.

Accuracy and close attention to detail should be clearly evident in all parts of the assignment.

The writing should be clear and concise with proper sentence structure, grammar, and punctuation, and it should be free from spelling errors. The number of sources should meet or exceed assignment requirements, and all sources should be academically credible, and properly cited using APA formatting. Information about accessing the grading rubric for this assignment is provided below.

Read the article Two Cultures Collide: Bridging the Generation Gap in a Non-traditional Mentorship (Merriweather & Morgan, 2013) at http://nsuworks.nova.edu/tqr/vol18/iss6/2/  What can organizations learn about diversity and cross-cultural mentoring from Dr. Lisa and Miss Berta’s story?

ReferenceMerriweather, L. R., & Morgan, A. J. (2013). Two cultures collide: Bridging the generation gap in a non-traditional mentorship. The Qualitative Report, 18(6), 1-16. Retrieved from http://nsuworks.nova.edu/tqr/vol18/iss6/

Introduction: Include a title slide. Next, include an introductory slide where you introduce yourself and explain what you are about to present. SPEAKER NOTES ARE A MUST ON EACH SLIDE!!!!!

Part I: The U.S. Healthcare System – Define the U.S. healthcare system by addressing the items below:

• Describe the history of the U.S. health care system. Include at least three of the revolutionary factors (e.g., teacher’s union in Dallas, Texas; the American Medical Association; Civil War, and the First Marine Hospital, etc.). Chapter two in our textbook discusses the evolution of our system and is a good resource for this part of your presentation.
• Identify at least one major development from each of the following: financial, legal, ethical, regulatory, and social [i.e., consumer demand]) that transformed the system into what it is today. You may want to revisit the health care timelines available in your course textbook.
• Differentiate the stakeholders and their roles (i.e., health care professionals, clients [patients], government, colleges, and health care agencies.
  • Include the positive and negative contributions of how they affect our health care system.

Part II: The Cost of the U.S. Healthcare System

• Describe the costs and how they are set (i.e., reimbursement methods, managed care organizations, Medicare, Medicaid, and private insurance).
• Explain how technology has affected costs (e.g., EHR, medical research, equipment improvements like MRI, mammography, etc.) and delivery of quality care (e.g., personalized medicine, mobile services like ePrescribing, disease registries, etc.).

Part III: The United States Versus Other Health Care Systems—an International Perspective

• Contrast the U.S. health care system with at least one other (e.g., Canada’s universal health care vs. U.S. healthcare or South Africa vs. U.S. health care, etc.).
  • Include at least one positive aspect from the other country’s health care system that you would like to see added to the U.S. healthcare system. Explain why you would like to see this in our system.

Part IV: Reforms and Improvements

• Describe any potential reforms and improvements that are currently being discussed at either the local, state, or federal level. Your work must be based upon scholarly research, not media commentary.
  • Examples could include the following:
    • Federal modifications (i.e., Medicare reform, repealing PPACA, universal type system, etc.)
    • State modifications(i.e., Medicaid reform, income tax credits, etc.)
    • Increased consumer controls

Note: The PPACA is not an appropriate reform or improvement to be described here because it is already law and not a future improvement. However, if there is a proposal to amend or eliminate, then you can include that potential reform.

Conclusion: Future of the U.S. healthcare system

• Explain what you believe the U.S. healthcare system will look like in the next 10 years. Give at least two recommendations for change.
• Address access to care, quality of care, and cost of care including an example of each in your vision of our future healthcare system.

Creating the Final PresentationThe Final Presentation must:

• Be 15 to 20 slides, (excludes the title slide and reference slides) and formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
• It is recommended that PowerPoint Slides contain no more than five bullet points and should not contain more than 5 – 7 words each. Do not type paragraphs or long sentences on the slide. The information that explains each bullet point is conveyed via speaker notes or by recording your voice to each slide.
• Using speaker notes for each slide in the PPT

On a separate word document – Respond to ALL three (3) discussions individually using the minimum of 200 words EACH. Totaling 600 words.

Your responses must add feedback on why you agree or disagree along with facts from sources to back up your feedback.

Be sure to include the title to each response.

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Moral Sensitivity

Summary: The article entitled “Ethical Sensitivity” discusses how there are three major components that make up ethical sensitivity. The components are the ability to determine whether or not a situation involves ethical issues; the ability to identify the moral virtues or ethical values underlying an ethical issue; and awareness of the moral intensity of the ethical issue.

Discussion:

Ethical sensitivity consists of determining whether or not ethical issues are involved in a situation. To help make the determination, there are three components to consider. The first component is to actually decide if ethics are involved in the situation. People may refer to this process as “ethics spot”. It is important to ethics spot  because it can be unclear if ethics are involved due to ethical insensitivity. Ethical insensitivity can happen when a person’s ability to make decisions have been tainted or deception has occurred.

The second component is the ability to identify the moral virtues or ethical values underlying an ethical issue. The values can be broken down into two parts called intrinsic and relevant values.  Intrinsic values influence and shape a lot our ethical values. Ethical sensitivity gives us a basis for understanding why different people, things, and cultures have conflicting views on ethical questions. They can also have different opinions about right or wrong actions.

The third component is moral intensity. It can be associated with a high degree or seriousness of an action resulting from a situation or incident. Moral intensity can be used to help prioritize situations by figuring out which one is most important and needs the most attention. People with different values have a different view on moral intensity regarding things. What may be important to you, may be least important to someone else because their view is different from yours.

Reference

“Moral Sensitivity”, Retrieved from: http://stem-researchethics.org/ru001/book/export/html/99

McShane, S., & Von Glinow, M.A. (2013). Organizational behavior (6th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.

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Telecommuting

Summary: I selected an online article from US News which compared and contrasted the pros and cons of telecommuting in the United States. According to Thompson (2017), “employees gave an overall favorable response to telecommuting, as opposed to reporting to a brick and mortar workplace on a daily basis.” The ability to work from home offers employees a great deal of flexibility in their daily lives, as well as eliminates several stressors commonly associated with the daily grind of a weekly commute.

Discussion:

Telecommuting in and of itself has monetary value. In fact, giving an employee the ability to work from home is the same as giving him or her a substantial pay increase. The costs of fuel, tolls, bus/train fares, and vehicle wear and tear are all but eliminated in a work from home scenario. Additionally, work from home employees are less inclined to spend money on things like buying lunch, or even paying for expensive work clothing.

Another positive aspect of telecommuting is that many stressors commonly associated with reporting to an office are significantly reduced or outright eliminated. The most obvious and most significant stressor that is eliminated by telecommuting is the physical commute that is required to a normal job. Millions of workers across the United States are required to commute for an hour or more to their daily jobs. Furthermore, it is a commonly known fact that sitting in traffic for multiple hours per week is detrimental to overall health.  Sitting in a car for hours per week is bad for posture and can lead to an increase in blood pressure and contribute to obesity.

Yet another significant perk of the work from home arrangement is the ability of the employee to work at his or her pace, in the comfort and security of the home. The absence of a boss or supervisor can go a long way to reducing daily stress, and he security of the employee within his home cannot be overstated as workplace violence is steadily rising.

In my own family, my wife’s company has given her the luxury of working from home five days a week. As a recruiter for Delta Airlines, my wife is able to complete all of her work from our home office. This wonderful blessing his given our family the ability to avoid the almost cripling costs of childcare.

However, according to Thompson (2017), telecommuters have a higher inclination to socially isolate themselves as well as being unable to disconnect from their work when the work day is over.

Colossians 3:23- Whatever you do, work at it with all your heart, as working for the Lord, not for human masters…

Reference

Thompson, Dennis (2017, October 19). The Upsides and Downsides of Telecommuting. U.S News, p.1. Retrieved from https://health.usnews.com/health-care/articles/2017-10-18/the-upsides-and-downsides-of-telecommuting

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Self-fulfilling Prophecy

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Summary: The article “Self-Fulfilling Prophecies” by economist.com (2012) concerning President Obama’s failure to win in Oklahoma shows the concept of self-fulfilling prophecies from the angle of politics.  E.G. (2013) discusses how Obama created a self-fulfilling prophecy in losing Oklahoma in that he already expected to lose in the state.  The article also discusses the changes in the decisions that the previous president and his team made of putting less effort into trying to win in Oklahoma which would ultimately bring about their original belief. (E.G. 2013)

Discussion:

Most people have heard of the concept of manifesting your desires through consistently thinking positively about them.  It is a common teaching and belief of self-help trainers and is common in the realm of spiritualism as well.  While Christians do not believe that our thoughts have the magical ability to bring about good things in our life, there is truth to the concept which E.G. (2013) discusses.  This concept, in reality, is not magical powers or the universe manifesting our thoughts, instead, when we believe something to be true we act in accordance with the belief and bring it to fruition ourselves.

In this article, E.G (2013) is recounting how President Barak Obama lost the primaries in Oklahoma.  The belief of the author is that this was, at least in part, due to the fact that the president and his team did not believe that they would win in Oklahoma and therefore did not put much effort into winning in the state.  In the end, they lost the state as they had thought, but what they may have overlooked is that their preconceptions about the state had a hand in their loss.  This is the premise of a self-fulfilling prophecy.

This concept can also be found in the Bible.  One of my favorite verses is Philippians 4:8 which says “Finally, brothers, whatever is true, whatever is honorable, whatever is just, whatever is pure, whatever is lovely, whatever is commendable, if there is any excellence, if there is anything worthy of praise, think about these things.” (ESV)  God knew that he made our minds to make connections.  How we think affects how we act which in turn affects our situation which can often fulfill our first ideas.  Due to this process, God has commanded us to think about things that are true, honorable, just, etc.  When we think in this way, we set up our minds in the right direction so that our actions and ultimately the situation.

In conclusion, self-fulfilling prophecy is not the only factor in the outcomes of life, but it definitely plays a role as many people have discovered and life-coaches preach.  For this reason, we must obey Philippians and train our minds to think about the things listed there.

References

E., G. (2012, March 09). Self-fulfilling prophecies. Retrieved from

https://www.economist.com/democracy-in-america/2012/03/09/self-fulfilling-prophecies

McShane, S., & Von Glinow, M.A. (2013). Organizational behavior (6th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.

Sean, E. (2016, September 6). How words are self-fulfilling prophecies. Retrieved July 17, 2018,

from http://www.sbnonline.com/article/words-self-fulfilling-prophecies/

Varghese, S. (2013, June 19). Harnessing The Power Of The Self-Fulfilling Prophecy. Retrieved

July 17, 2018, from https://www.forbes.com/2009/12/30/self-fulfilling-prophecy-leadership-managing-varghese.html#6d594bf34063

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