The Lived Experience of Ordinary People

Background: Especially since the 1960s, historians have sought to understand history not just as a series of major events presided over by generals and statesmen, but also as the lived experience of ordinary people. For this last discussion, begin by reflecting on your own past with an eye toward how American society has changed over the course of your life. 

Instructions: In your response, focus less on major political or international events than on the ways day-to-day life in America is different today than it was when you were younger. You might consider such factors as the cost of goods and services, the forms of entertainment, means of communication, and so forth. Next, identify what you believe to be the most pressing problem facing America today, providing evidence from recent news sources to show that the problem is real and pressing. There are numerous issues you might consider, such as international security, personal and public debt, heightening racial tensions, economic downturns, and so forth. Be sure to provide concrete information to back your choice. Finally, describe how Americans at different times during the past 150 years have addressed problems similar to the one you identified, and assess whether those past solutions would be applicable today. Draw from material in your textbook or from scholarly outside sources, or both, when addressing this prompt. 

Your initial post should be at least 250 words in length. Support your claims with examples from the required material(s)and properly cite any references. You may use additional scholarly sources to support your points if you choose. 

Please respond to at least 2 of your peer’s posts. To ensure that your responses are substantive, use at least three of these prompts:

• Comment of your classmate’s selection of the peer-reviewed article.
• Compare your response with your classmate’s response about the relationship between theory and nursing research.
• Present new references that support your opinions.

Please be sure to validate your opinions and ideas with citations and references in APA format. Estimated time to complete: 2 hours

FIRST PERSON TO RESPOND TO

Kayla Smith

RE: Theory and Practice

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U6D1

Article/ Benefits of nursing theory in nursing research

The article I selected integrates Myra Levine’s conservation model into a nursing research study that involves mitigating fatigue in cancer patients. Levine’s Conservation Model was selected to guide this study because it includes principles that help explain cancer-related fatigue and support exercise as a patient intervention for fatigue (Belcher, Bositis, Hall, McCorkle, Mock, St. Ours, Tillery, 2007). This article uses a descriptive approach to present the components of Levine’s model and details of the studies intervention and outcomes (Belcher et al., 2007). According to Belcher et al. (2007, pg. 4) “the purpose of the ongoing study described here was to determine the effects of a nurse-directed, moderate-intensity, home-based exercise program me to mitigate fatigue and maintain physical functioning in individuals receiving cancer treatment.” The results of this research study show that the patients who exercise regularly during cancer treatment conserved more energy and have less fatigue as compared to those that do not exercise. This article strongly supports the value of using a conceptual model as a framework for nursing research. In regards to the article selected, the benefits of using Levine’s conceptual framework is that it provided an organized structure for this study, it guided the development and testing of hypotheses, and it assisted in placing research findings within the context of science (Belcher et al., 2007).

Relationship between theory and research in nursing:

According to McEwen and Wills (2014), nursing has called for research to develop and confirm knowledge and for theory to organize it. Knowledge development is collective, and knowledge produced from separated research studies should be combined into a more comprehensive understanding of the subject. Research earns its value on expanding from other previous work. “Research gains its significance from the context within which it is placed- specifically from its theoretical context” (McEwen & Wills, 2014, pg. 432). Theoretical context is the structure and system of important concepts, theoretical propositions, and theory that comprise the current knowledge discipline. Theory is essential to guide and provide a framework to the research.

Personal and professional experiences

The evidence-based interventions learned through nursing research and organized by nursing theory can help improve patient outcomes, help to provide high quality care, reduce costs and eliminate practices that are not effective. Infection control is always a trending topic in hospitals nationwide. The last thing a patient wants when going to a hospital for treatment is a hospital-acquired infection (it’s the last thing the hospital wants to happen due to financial cost and having to report it). Nurses play a key role in helping to prevent illness before it happens by adhering to evidence-based infection-control policies. This includes keeping the healthcare environment clean, wearing personal protective clothing, using barrier precautions and practicing correct handwashing.

References

Belcher, A., Bositis, A., Hall, S., McCorkle, R., Mock, V., St. Ours, C., Tillery, M. (2007). Using a conceptual model in nursing research – mitigating fatigue in cancer patients. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 58(5), 503–512. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2007.04293.x

McEwen, M. & Wills, E. (2014). Theoretical basis for nursing (4th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

Article for U6D1.pdf (294.447 KB)

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SECOND PERSON TO RESPOND TO

Ingrid Martinez

RE: Theory and Practice

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Thorough research and theory building provide various areas of knowledge with an opportunity to develop, and nursing is not an exception. For improvement of nursing services, adoption of advanced interventions into practice is required. Theories, in this case, provide directions for the process, which minimizes the risk of errors (McEwen & Wills, 2014). According to Moyle, Rickard, Chambers, and Chaboyer (2015), the Partnering with Patients Model of Nursing Interventions “provides a preliminary understanding of how complex nursing interventions can be developed, tested and subsequently adopted into practice” (p. 252). Hence, it facilitates research procedures.

The use of nursing models and theories in research makes it possible to make nursing science applicable for practice. Practitioners should always have an opportunity to implement the information they find in literature; otherwise, it becomes useless. The Partnering with Patients Model of Nursing Interventions encourages nurses to work with patients instead of simply providing them with services. As a result, this theory underlines the importance of ensuring patient’s self-determination and autonomy. Due to it, those factors that indicate patient’s optimal well-being are determined. The discussed model pays much attention to the creation, testing, and implementation of interventions, which leads to the integration of research into nursing interventions. In particular, their influence on patient outcomes is investigated and nursing-sensitive indicators are searched.

The benefits of nursing theory in research are recognized even by the Medical Research Council that recommends professionals to find a theory that supports their intervention before modelling it (Moyle et al., 2015). In my practice setting, the same approach is used, and all complex interventions are developed on the basis of nursing theories, which allows benefiting our patients. Theory and research in nursing are tightly connected since theories direct research and allow defining research questions needed to understand the subject.

1. Why the Partnering with Patients Model of Nursing Interventions is recommended as a basis for interventions?

2. What concepts of this theory can be used to develop research questions?

References

McEwen, M., & Wills, E. (2014). Theoretical basis for nursing (4th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

Moyle, W., Rickard, C., Chambers, S., & Chaboyer, W. (2015). The partnering with patients model of nursing interventions: A first step to a practice theory. Healthcare, 3(2), 252-262.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC49395…

Article-The Partnering with patients model of nursing interventions.pdf (550.675 KB)

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You are required to watch the following YouTube clips from the GRI Secretariat:

1. The GRI Sustainability Reporting Standards: The Future of Reporting

2. Introducing the GRI Standards

You must also read a fictional case study based on a company that will be provided to you in due course.

You must then prepare a sustainability assessment report referring to the Consolidated Set of GRI Sustainability Reporting Standards 2016 that specifically addresses:

A. Economic sustainability

i) Disclosure 201-2 Financial implications and other risks and opportunities due to

climate change

ii) Disclosure 205-3 Confirmed incidents of corruption and actions taken

iii) Disclosure 206-1 Legal actions for anti-competitive behaviour, anti-trust,

and monopoly practices

B. Environmental sustainability

i) Disclosure 302-1 Energy consumption within the organisation

ii) Disclosure 304-2 Significant impacts of activities, products, and services on

biodiversity

iii) Disclosure 307-1 Non-compliance with environmental laws and regulations

Social sustainability

i) Disclosure 401-1 New employee hires and employee turnover

ii) Disclosure 406-1 Incidents of discrimination and corrective actions taken

iii) Disclosure 413-1 Operations with local community engagement, impact assessments,

and development programs

You will be required to include a minimum of 15 references in your Risk Assessment Report at least 5 of which must come from academic journals or textbooks.

LOOK AT A POLICY THAT WAS PASS IN 2017 PLEASE! THANK YOU!

Policy Analysis of (Insert bill identifying code, such as HR702 or S24, and Title)

Your first paragraph should:

• introduce the issue or problem the policy or bill addresses
• explain the public policy idea, including text from the bill
• describe different perspectives on addressing the issue

Your next few paragraphs should:

• describe who or what will be impacted by the policy idea (consider the people who engage in the behavior targeted by the policy, law enforcement agencies, businesses that may have to make changes to comply with the law, etc.)
• discuss the costs and benefits of the policy idea

Your following paragraph should:

• contain your recommendation to either support or repeal a policy that already exists, or vote for or against a policy idea
• include as much strong evidence as possible, such as facts and data that you can find to support your position

Be sure to include MLA-style citations for your sources of information.

ALL WORK MUST BE ORIGINAL. NO PLAGIARISM OR PARAPHRASED WORK WILL NOT BE ACCEPTED!!

This Assignment is an opportunity for you to relate what you learned about the Contemporary Value Chain
Model to your own knowledge and experience. The purpose of the Assignment is for you to demonstrate a
graduate level understanding of the direct correlation between the elements comprising the Contemporary
Value Chain and the customer’s purchase experience.
Directions

1. Use the already APA formatted template in Doc Sharing titled “Unit 1 Assignment Template Contemporary
Value Chain” as your starting point for this Assignment. Download the template and save it as your own
document, for example, YourNameUnit1GB570.docx.

2. Think about a horrible purchase experience— one you will never forget and perhaps because of it you will
never buy anything from that brand ever again. Perhaps you told other people how shockingly bad this
purchase experience was. In your paper you will describe the experience using the directions included within
the Unit 1 Assignment template.

3. Consider your Kaplan Library research from the Unit 1 Discussion and Chapter 1 of your textbook. Internet
references are not accepted for this Unit 1 Assignment, although you may use internet research for your own
learning. At least two different sources are required to be used as references for this Assignment, one from the
textbook and at least one from at least one Kaplan Library article.

4. Think about what the (brand name) company could/should have implemented within their value chain to
have ensured your experience was not bad, but instead left you with surpassed expectations (a delighted
customer).

5. Write a 4 pages paper, not including title and reference pages, applying at least four of the elements in
the Contemporary Value Chain Model and suggest how the company can improve the customer experience by
fixing value chain elements. This is your opportunity not only to see where the brand’s value chain was not
working properly, but to recommend what needs to be done so future customers have delightful experiences.

6. Write your paper using first person (“I”, “me”) perspective.

7. Include a conclusion summarizing the paper’s content without introducing any new information.

8. Support your response’s content with at least two separate sources, applied and cited references from a
Kaplan Library article and your textbook. Apply and cite no more than one referenced sentence per paragraph.
Internet references are not accepted for this Unit 1 Assignment. Use APA in-text citations within the response
and list the applied reference(s) at the end of the response using APA formatting. APA formatting resources
are available in Kaplan’s Writing Center in the “Research, Citation, and Plagiarism” area.
9. Proofread your paper, confirm correct APA formatting, run spell check and grammar check, and proofread
again. Submit your completed paper into the Unit 1 Assignment Dropbox.

Unit 2 Assignment:

Competitive Advantage and the Value Chain
The purpose of this Assignment is to confirm your understanding of the direct correlation between an effective
value chain and a firm’s competitive advantage by examining the relationship between customer delight,
profitability, competitive advantage, and effective value chain management.
Directions

1. Use the APA formatted Microsoft® Word® document template in Doc Sharing titled “Unit 2 Assignment
Template Competitive Advantage” as the starting point. Download the template and save it as your own
document, for example, YourNameUnit2GB570.docx.

2. Write a 4 pages paper, not including title and reference pages, making a compelling argument as to
why an effective value chain creates competitive advantage.

3. Write your paper using third person perspective (do not use first or second person pronouns; (e.g. “I”,
“me”, “you”, “we”).

4. In your paper, you will examine the concepts and interrelationships of customer delight, profitability,
competitive advantage, and effective value chain management by following the directions included within
the Unit 2 Assignment template. Included within this examination:

a. Discuss each of the four elements.

b. Examine the interrelationship between the four elements.

c. Provide two examples of companies that have been successful in this integration, two examples
of companies that have not been successful in this integration, and include explanations for your
choices.

5. Include a conclusion summarizing the paper’s content without introducing any new information.
6. Support your response’s content with at least three separate applied and cited references. Accepted
sources are: Kaplan Library article(s), your textbook and the chosen example companies websites. No other internet references are acceptable for the Unit 2 Assignment. Apply and cite no more than one
referenced sentence per paragraph. Not every paragraph requires use of a reference; originality is
appreciated. Use APA in-text citations within the response and list the applied reference(s) at the end of
the response using APA formatting. APA formatting resources are available in Kaplan’s Writing Center in
the “Research, Citation, and Plagiarism” area.
7. Proofread your paper, confirm correct APA formatting, run spell check and grammar check and proofread
again. Submit your completed paper into the Unit 2 Assignment Dropbox.

Unit 3 Assignment:

Corporate Social Responsibility and the Value Chain
The purpose of the Unit 3 Assignment is to demonstrate a graduate level understanding of the impact of corporate
social responsibility on the management of a firm’s value chain.
Directions

1. Use the APA formatted Microsoft Word document template in Doc Sharing titled “Unit 3 Assignment Corporate
Social Responsibility” as the starting point. Download the template and save it as your own document, for
example, YourNameUnit3GB570.docx.

2. Write an APA formatted 4 pages paper, exclusive of the Title and References pages.

3. In your paper, address the following requirements using the directions included within the Unit 3 Assignment
template.

A. Part One – use third person perspective.

1. Make a compelling argument as to why the inclusion of policies of corporate social responsibility enhance the
ability of a firm to effectively manage a value chain and the achievement of competitive advantage.

2. Choose and analyze two examples of companies that have been successful in this integration.

3. Choose and analyze two examples of companies that have not been successful in this integration and identify
what the companies should have done in their value chains proactively to protect their value chains.

4. Support your response’s content with at least three applied and cited references. Accepted resources are:
Kaplan Library article(s), your textbook and the chosen example companies’ websites. No other internet
references are acceptable for the Unit 3 Assignment. Apply and cite no more than one referenced sentence per
paragraph. Not every paragraph requires use of a reference; originality is appreciated. Use APA in-text citations
within the response and list the applied reference(s) at the end of the response using APA formatting. APA
formatting resources are available in Kaplan’s Writing Center in the “Research, Citation, and Plagiarism” area.

5. Include a conclusion summarizing the paper’s content without introducing any new information.

B. Part Two – use first person perspective,
• Write a paragraph explaining your own critical thinking process that you used to complete Part One of
the Assignment
C. Proofread your paper, confirm correct APA formatting, run spell check and grammar check, and proofread
again. Submit your completed paper into the Unit 3 Assignment Dropbox.
Unit 3 [GB570: Managing the Value Chain]
Unit 3 Assignment Rubric: Corporate Social Responsibility and the Value Chain