You have learned to examine an argument and identify the claims and reasons. In some arguments, a premise or the conclusion may be implied and not stated. In these arguments, you must fill in the missing premise or conclusion before you can analyze the argument.

For each of the following arguments, determine if it is complete or if there is a missing element. Identify the premise/s and the conclusion and label them. Complete the argument if necessary. If the argument is complete, identify the premise/s and conclusion and state that it is complete.

1. You shouldn’t be so critical of War and Peace. You’ve never read it.
2. Every animal needs to breathe to live. Fish are animals. Fish cannot breathe in the air.
3. If I put sugar in my coffee, I enjoy it more. I put sugar in my coffee.
4. All of the Smith children are good at math. David is one of the Smith children; therefore David is good at math.
5. Fluffy is a good pet. After all, he is a poodle.
6. My bowl fell off of the counter and broke. If your bowl falls off of the counter, it will break.
7. If a student fails the final exam, then he or she will fail the class. Mary failed the final exam.
8. You have to love cats to be a friend of mine. David is my friend.

Based on your understanding of the four tests for evaluating arguments and the fallacies of relevance, provide a critique of the following arguments.

• Identify the conclusion (claim) and premise/s (reason/s).
• Then determine whether the argument is sound using terminology from this lesson. If the argument is not sound, explain why. Does the argument pass all four tests? If not, where did it fail?

Here is a recap of the four tests:

1. The truthfulness of premises (Are the reasons given true?)
2. Logical strength (Is the relationship between the reason and the claim logical?)
3. Relevance (Is the reason relevant to the claim?)
4. Non-circularity (Is the claim merely a restatement of the reason?

1. Vegetarianism must be unhealthy since there are so many fast food burger places around.
2. The New York Yankees have the best team in baseball because they have the highest-paid players.
3. Lawyer to the jury: “My client can’t be guilty of stealing cars. He is a huge animal lover and rescues stray dogs.”
4. Whales are mammals. Mammals nurse their young. Therefore, whales nurse their young.
5. Free trade is good for our country. It allows products to flow between here and other countries. The free flow of goods is good for our country.

Complete Question: How and why was the Department of Homeland Security established? What is the organizational structure of DHS?

Answer needs to be 1-2 pages 350 – 500 words. Works cited section for references need.

Introduce the topic to the reader in 3-5 sentences. Leave the body for the facts. Focus on a strong thesis statement leading into the body of paper. Let the last sentence in the introduction be the thesis statement.

Question from BCJ 355 Homeland Security Text: Introduction to Homeland Security: Policy, Organization, and Administration. 1st Edition, 2015. ISBN-13: 9781284045833. Author: Willlard M. Oliver, Nancy E. Marion, Joshua B. Hill. Essay must contain material from textbook.

Additionally, please use APA citation style for your full citations. This requires a full URL link to the specific webpage you read to write your essay.

Choose one (1) of the topics below and develop a three to four (3-4) paragraph essay (of at least 250-500 words) which adequately address the topic you have chosen.

Topic Choices

• There have been many theories regarding how the pyramids at Giza were constructed. Most experts agree that they were constructed as burial monuments for pharaohs, but “how” these ancient people constructed monuments of such great size without modern machinery is a mystery which is still being debated.      
• No one can say for certain what happened to the great urban Mayan civilization, but theories abound and include varied possible alternatives to explain the relatively abrupt and mysterious disappearance of the Mayan civilization.
• Tutankhamen died young, at approximately eighteen (18) years of age. However, his cause of death has been the subject of quite varied scholarly theories and conclusions. Did he die of an injury, of illness, of murder, or something else?.
• Minoan Crete was a major civilization in its time, but several theories have been advanced to explain its demise, including speculations associating it with mythical Atlantis. What were the causes of Minoan Civilization’s decline?
• Great Zimbabwe is an enormous complex of structures in East Africa. Since the builders and occupants left no written records, several theories have developed as to the identity of its builders and the functions of the structures. Which theory makes the most sense?
• The monumental size and complexity of the Tomb of Shihuangdi is astounding, yet its location and construction details were to be kept secret. What was the emperor’s purpose for such an elaborate, secret burial place?
• Other topic choice recommended and approved by the professor and supported by the grading rubric.

Write a three to four (3-4) paragraph paper in which you:

1. Clearly state the “mystery” and provide a brief summary of at least two (2) reasonable and scholarly theories which could explain the mystery. Because some theories may sound far-fetched, include the source or promoter of each theory – such as a scientist, a historian, a theologian, etc.
2. After summarizing at least two (2) scholarly theories, identify one (1) of the theories as the most plausible and provide at least two (2) convincing reasons why the theory you have chosen is the best one to explain the mystery. This will involve some critical reasoning skills on your part.
3. Use at least two (2) sources plus the class textbook. (Three [3] sources total as the minimum) Note: Wikipedia and other similar Websites do not qualify as academic resources. You are highly encouraged to use the Resource Center tab at the top of your Blackboard page.

Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:

• Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow APA style format. Both in-text citations and a References list are required. Citations and references must follow APA style format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions. (Note: Students can find APA style materials located in the course shell for guidance).
• Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length. For our purposes, you may omit any abstract page.

The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:

• Explain how key social, cultural, and artistic contributions contribute to historical changes.
• Explain the importance of situating a society’s cultural and artistic expressions within a historical context.
• Examine the influences of intellectual, religious, political, and socio-economic forces on social, cultural, and artistic expressions.
• Identify major historical developments in world cultures during the eras of antiquity to the Renaissance
• Use technology and information resources to research issues in the study of world cultures.
• Write clearly and concisely about world cultures using proper writing mechanics.

INSTRUCTIONS

For this discussion, assume you are a special agent in charge of a large geographical area of operations in the Southeast for U.S. ICE. You have been asked to prepare a presentation to be given to prosecutors, criminal investigators, and assistant U.S. attorneys (AUSAs) at an upcoming training seminar. In preparation for this presentation, conduct some research on the government’s efforts to investigate and prosecute white collar and organized crime cases.

Address the following in your main post:

• Explain why criminologists find the terms white collar crime and organized crime difficult to define.
• Assess the legal implications of both types of crimes in the context of formal and informal social control.
• Explore challenges encountered by law enforcement and prosecutors in the prosecution of white collar and organized crime offenders.

This is for a discussion post for a White Collar and Organized Crime, there is no required length as long as all topics are addressed. If there are any sources they must be filed in APA format.