Confidence Intervals

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Week 6 Discussion: Confidence Intervals

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Required Resources

Read/review the following resources for this activity:

  • Textbook: Chapter 8
  • Lesson
  • Minimum of 1 scholarly source

In your reference for this assignment, be sure to include both your text/class materials AND your outside reading(s).

Confidence Intervals

In everyday terms, a confidence interval is the range of values around a sample statistic (such as mean or proportion) within which clinicians can expect to get the same results if they repeat the study protocol or intervention, including measuring the same outcomes the same ways. As you ask yourself, “Will I get the same results if I use this research?”, you must address the precision of study findings, which is determined by the Confidence Interval. If the CI around the sample statistic is narrow, you can be confident you will get close to the same results if you implement the same research in your practice.

Consider the following example. Suppose that you did a systematic review of studies on the effect of tai chi exercise on sleep quality, and you found that tai chi affected sleep quality in older people. If, according to your study, you found the lower boundary of the CI to be .49, the study statistic to be 0.87, and the upper boundary to be 1.25, this would mean that each end limit is 0.38 from the sample statistic, which is a relatively narrow CI.

(UB + LB)/2 = Statistic [(1.25 + .49)/2 = .87]

Keep in mind that a mean difference of 0 indicates there is no difference; this CI does not contain 0. Therefore, the sample statistic is statistically significant and unlikely to occur by chance.

Because this was a systematic review, and tai chi exercise has been established from the studies you assessed as helping people sleep, based on the sample statistics and the CI, clinicians could now use your study and confidently include tai chi exercises among possible recommendations for patients who have difficulty sleeping.

Now you can apply your knowledge of CIs to create your own studies and make wise decisions about whether to base your patient care on a particular research finding.

Initial Post Instructions

Thinking of the many variables tracked by hospitals and doctors’ offices, confidence intervals could be created for population parameters (such as means or proportions) that were calculated from many of them. Choose a topic of study that is tracked (or that you would like to see tracked) from your place of work. Discuss the variable and parameter (mean or proportion) you chose, and explain why you would use these to create an interval that captures the true value of the parameter of patients with 95% confidence.

Consider the following:

How would changing the confidence interval to 90% or 99% affect the study? Which of these values (90%, 95%, or 99%) would best suit the confidence level according to the type of study chosen? How might the study findings be presented to those in charge in an attempt to affect change at the workplace?

Busqueda de Informacion usando Internet

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INSTRUCCIONES: (Favor revizar criterios de validacion en archivo adjunto)

En este tarea vas a poder reconocer la efectividad de la Internet como herramienta de investigación.

  • Debes ir a la página de Google en español http://www.google.com.pr;
    • en esa página, en la parte inferior de la pantalla selecciona Preferencias y dentro de preferencias selecciona Ayuda de Búsqueda.
    • Escoje la opción que dice Filtrar y definir mejor los resultados. Debes leer todos los tópicos.
      • Cómo buscar en Google
      • Qué puedes buscar
      • Filtrar resultados de búsqueda
      • Accesibilidad en la Búsqueda de Google
      • Cómo buscar resultados en tus productos de Google
      • Consulta las páginas web almacenadas en caché en los resultados de la Búsqueda de Google
      • Cómo buscar verificaciones de datos en los resultados de la búsqueda
      • Obtén más información sobre un editor de noticias
  • Después de realizar estas lecturas, usando las estrategias estudiadas procede a realizar las siguientes búsquedas de enfermedades o vinculadas a las redes sociales:

1. Síndrome F.O.M.O.

2. Depresión “del Facebook”

3. Dependencia de Internet

4. Apnea de WhatsApp

5. Efecto Google

*NOTA: El año de publicación de las direcciones tiene que ser mayor o igual a 2015 y los artículos tienen que tener un mínimo de 3 páginas (independientemente que sean pdfs, blogs, páginas, artículos de revistas o periódicos, entre otros).

  • Después de hacer las búsquedas, debes contestar las siguientes preguntas:
    1. En cada caso, ¿encontráste lo que esperabas? ¿Cuán fácilmente? (2 puntos)
    2. ¿Sirven de ayuda las instrucciones para realizar la búsqueda de los enlaces estudiados? Sí o No ¿Por qué? (2 puntos)
    3. Utiliza el artículo Criterios para validar la información de la Web para determinar la veracidad de las fuentes halladas. Cada una de ellas debe cumplir con un mínimo de 3 criterios. (9 puntos)

      a. Evalúa cada dirección (incluye la misma) y al lado indica que criterios le aplican. Ejemplo: En la dirección www.primera.com los criterios que aplican son: autoridad, actualidad y organización editorial.

La actividad tiene como objetivo que examines si Google te ayuda a buscar la información que necesitas, y si las referencias encontradas son útiles y confiables.

MN502 Identification of a Concept

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The assigned readings from the articles this week discuss methods of concept analysis that are useful in nursing. Select a concept you will analyze in this course. Your concept needs to interest you, possibly associated with your current or future work or something that intrigues or even bothers you. Try to avoid selecting a concept that is too broad or too narrow [see the unit overview for a discussion of broad or narrow concepts]. Explain the following:

Name of the concept of interest

Why you selected it

What you hope to discover or learn from the concept analysis

What the concept means to you currently [prior to any literature review]

Why the concept is of interest to the nursing profession

ARTICLES

Christensen, M. (2011) Advancing nursing practice: Redefining the theoretical and practical integration of knowledge. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 20, 873–881.

Eriksson, K. (2010). Concept determination as part of the development of knowledge in caring science. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, 24, 2–11.

Kagan, P. N., Smith, M. C., Cowling, W. R., & Chinn. P. L. (2009). A nursing manifesto: an emancipatory call for knowledge development, conscience, and praxis. Nursing Philosophy, 11, 67–84.

Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (2010). Chapters 3 and 4. (6th ed.).Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

Raholm, M. (2010). Abductive reasoning and the formation of scientific knowledge within nursing research. Nursing Philosophy, 11, 260–270.

Raholm, J. (2010). Theory development and the logic of discovery. International Journal for Human Caring, 14(3), 36–42.

Include at least 3 references

Assignment Question(s)

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Instructions – PLEASE READ THEM CAREFULLY

  • The Assignment must be submitted on Blackboard (WORD format only) via allocated folder.
  • Assignments submitted through email will not be accepted.
  • Students are advised to make their work clear and well presented, marks may be reduced for poor presentation. This includes filling your information on the cover page.
  • Students must mention question number clearly in their answer.
  • Late submission will NOT be accepted.
  • Avoid plagiarism, the work should be in your own words, copying from students or other resources without proper referencing will result in ZERO marks. No exceptions.
  • All answered must be typed using Times New Roman (size 12, double-spaced) font. No pictures containing text will be accepted and will be considered plagiarism).
  • Submissions without this cover page will NOT be accepted.

Week 1: Deep Change Concepts and Transforming Perspectives Personal

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Week 1: Deep Change Concepts and Transforming Perspectives about Personal Change

Introduction

Reflect on the changes that have taken place in your personal or professional life. Did you initiate these changes, or were they imposed upon you? Were they sudden, or did they take root over time?

Change is an integral part of life, and everyone has to face it. The external world is constantly changing, and people need to keep reinventing themselves to connect with the world around them. Deep change refers to the transformation that occurs in people and organizations. Deep change requires new ways of thinking and behaving and is major in scope. The importance of deep change is immense. It holds the key for anyone who wants to be a leader and maintain a satisfying work life. This week, you will learn about deep change and how to confront it. You will also cover the concept of personal change and how changing your perspectives can help you improve your life.

Learning Outcomes

By the end of this week, you will be able to:

  • Evaluate the personal impact of change on the individual and how people react to organizational change
  • Identify the forces driving organizational change

Discussion – Week 1
COLLAPSE

Changes happen frequently in both our personal and professional lives. Think of a few changes in your life, like a promotion in the workplace or breaking a bad habit. Changes do not happen overnight; they need to be planned for. There are some changes you look forward to and some that you resist. Managing change has always been a major issue. Change cannot be avoided, but you can learn how to make the best of it for your personal and professional lives.

This week’s Discussion focuses on the meaning and importance of change and has three components. In your initial posting, please address the following:


  • Why is it important for individuals and organizations to change?

  • What does deep change mean to you?

With these thoughts in mind:


Resources

  • Access Resources

    Learning ResourcesPlease read and review this week’s Learning Resources before you complete the Discussion.Reading

    • Course Text: Quinn, Robert E. (2012). The Deep Change Field Guide: A Personal Course to Discovering the leader within. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
      • Chapter 1, “An Invitation To Change””
      • Chapter 2, “Experiencing Slow Death
      • Chapter 3, “The Power of Self-Change”

ENG 315 Week 1 Discussion and Response

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“Email and the Professional Workplace”

  • Read the article “Is Email Evil?”. Compare the author’s take on email with your own professional / personal experience using email. Make a case for the importance of email in the workplace OR present an alternative form of communication that could replace email in the professional environment (be sure to provide reasons to support your claims).

RESPONSE to this comment as well

Hello Professor and Classmates,

After reading the article on “Is Email Evil”, I have to say that I agree with many of views that the different people that were mentioned in the article discuss based on their own personal feelings how email has evolved over the year. In the beginning, it was an excellent way to communicate with a particular person or business without having to pick up the phone to call the person of client or getting in your vehicle to drive to get your message from one person to another. Now the word “Email” is evil to hear.

I find myself looking for ways to avoid reading my emails at work or home for days at a time unless there is something important that I have to complete or get out of the Inbox of my emails. I dread giving my email address out to anyone at all even when it is required for my personal welfare. If you think about it, each time you make a purchase in a store, the clerk ask for your email to send you coupons for future purchases which is the start to the evil that email has become.

In the workplace, it is important to have email communication at my job because it is so many people there in the building and it would be so hard to get the word out to the employees all at once without email. We have emails that go out that provide specific details like “Do Not Reply to this Emails” in the subject line as while as the header line. I can appreciate those emails because you do not have to worry about the hundreds of replies from the entire center. In addition to email, my job uses instant messaging as a way to communicate to people in the office. This method has turned out to be more effective than emailing the employees. The instant message well let you know that the agent is log into their computer before you send the message to them. This will cut down on the waiting for a response after the email has been sent. It would also cut down on the nonsense that email turns into with the multiple replies.

LaTanya

Case Study on Supply and Process Management, Project and Innovation management

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SUPPLY and PROCESS MANAGEMENT

  1. Draw a value stream map (incl. all involved process parties) for the as-is process: “Serving
    the customer from entering the restaurant, preparing and serving the food until paying the
    bill”. Who is involved? Which processes take place? Which interfaces are required? Then
    draw an improved value stream map and explain in detail, which actions have to be taken
    to improve the process and prepare the restaurant for the future – following the Lean
    Operations principles. Consider for your improvement plan that investments (capital
    expenditures) in general can be made and that Mario plans to connect the restaurant to a
    food delivery platform and offer his customers home delivery at the same standards.
  2. Apparently, there are quality issues leading to the decreasing number of customers and
    customer satisfaction. Draw a fishbone diagram and map apparent quality issues described
    above and also think of correlating, implicit issues that might also contribute to the current
    quality issue. Define the top 5 activities, how to improve the quality short- to midterm.
  3. Foodandbeverages(perishable,freshproducts)arethemainsupplycategoryof“DaLuigi”.
    Therefore, Marco develops a category strategy for “food & beverages” that further
    supports the competitive advantage of the restaurant. Elaborate the criteria the supplier(s)
    need(s) to fulfill, describe your supplier selection process for this specific category in detail
    and provide concrete examples (by further desk research), which suppliers should receive
    an RFI.
  4. Marco is aware of the risk the restaurant faces when the supply chain interrupts. To make
    that more concrete, sketch the supply chain of “Da Luigi” and identify potential supply
    chain risks. In the next step, prioritize them by means of a basic scoring model. Which is
    the most significant risk and how to handle it?

INNOVATION MANAGEMENT

Assume that Mario also attended some lectures on innovation management during his MBA.
While understanding the traditional approach of his father and grandfather, he also realizes
that this might very likely not be sustainable and wants to convince his father and grandfather
to become significantly more innovative to rescue the family business. Your task as one of his
fellow MBA alumni is to help him develop innovative ideas and to also make suggestions how
to convince his grandfather and to implement the ideas. Please read the questions carefully
and think about which models and approaches from the lecture you could apply. Please also
go beyond the case study to do your own desk research to support your ideas.

  1. WhileLuigi in the beginning remains very strict on not venturing into the area of take-away,
    he is willing to listen to innovative ideas meant to bring more customers into the existing
    restaurants. Using approaches and tools from the lecture, derive ideas with which Mario
    could adapt the value proposition of the existing restaurants to attract more customers.
  2. The main concern, Luigi has, is that he does not truly believe that customers really want
    what Mario is suggesting. Please propose at least three ideas, with which Mario could verify
    that he truly understands especially the younger customers’ needs. Rank these ideas and
    justify your choice.
  3. During your research you come across some projections regarding online takeaways and
    restaurant deliveries. Please show, how Mario could change his current business model to
    also participate in this growth. Are there other business model innovations you can think
    of? If yes, which ones would you prefer to pursue and why?

PROJECT MANAGEMENT

  1. Determine two SMART objectives of the project
  2. Develop an Aims Breakdown Structure of the project, including at least four branches and
    at least four levels (including the root level). Select, which aims you will deliver with your
    project
  3. Develop a Project Charter
  4. Develop a Work Breakdown Structure
  5. Establish a Project Activity Network (PERT Method)
  6. Establish a Gantt Chart displaying at least 4 milestone entries (in addition to kick-off
    meeting, final presentation, and standard management reviews) and the project activities
  7. Generate an appropriate Project Organization

Which philosophical worldview most closely aligns with your perspective and the way that you view problems in the world? How so? How does understanding the connection between philosophical worldview and research methodology assist in your research approac

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Each of us has unique experiences and perceptions that shape what we believe about the world. These beliefs and underlying assumptions affect our natural approach to research. Some philosophical worldviews are more congruent with qualitative research, while others align with quantitative research. After reviewing the Reading and Study material for this module and considering the four philosophical worldviews (i.e. positivism, post-positivism, constructionism, pragmatic) discussed in the text, please respond to the following:

  • Which philosophical worldview most closely aligns with your perspective and the way that you view problems in the world? How so?
  • How does understanding the connection between philosophical worldview and research methodology assist in your research approach?
  • Compare/contrast research philosophical worldview with that of a Christian worldview. Are there any areas that are problematic or do most philosophical worldviews appear to be congruent with a Christian worldview?

Note: I philosophical worldview is post-positivism.

How is the execution of a joiner is similar to or different from the way a painter makes a painting using brush and paints? How is perspective in a joiner very different from that in a traditional painting, such as The School of Athens, by Raphael, below?

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In this writing assignment, you will submit a 600-750 word (approximately one page) short analysis (aka “tiny” paper), in which you examine and discuss the photographic “joiners” of contemporary artist David Hockney. This format requires you to condense your ideas and focus only on those that are directly relevant to the topic.

https://youtu.be/sD123svCFHQ


https://youtu.be/cGtraVb_0vY

For this Reflection assignment, you will upload a PDF or enter a text response into the text entry box provided. I recommend that you follow these steps:

  1. Carefully read the instructions (below), including the rubric.
  2. Write and revise your Reflection response in a separate document, until it is awesome.
  3. Cut and paste your response from your separate document into the text box, then submit your assignment.

IC Communications

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Answer the following assignment questions as completely as possible.

Please include the exact question in the submission

APA

Essay 1

Briefly describe one culture to which you belong; how did you learn or come to understand the behaviors of this culture, which presumably you have adopted? What aspect of this culture do you think “outsiders” find most difficult to understand or appreciate? (250 words)

Essay 2

How do you think your personal or professional life will affect your present or future contact with individuals from other cultures? (250 words)

Essay 3

Try to remember a folktale, proverb, or religious story from our childhood. Write an essay about how the information you learned has influenced you and how you see your culture and other cultures. (250 words)