In this
course we have been learning about the different eras of policing from
the inception of the first police force in 1829 to the current era of
policing today. Based on the current climate, there is a level of
distrust today between the police and the public. Riots, marches, and
protests in response to high-profile police shootings have eroded the
relationships that were built through community policing. With the hopes
of improving police efficiency and finding new approaches to working
together with the public, the country is again ready for a new era of
policing.

Use the
Internet and your textbook to research the different eras of policing up
until today. Based on the role and function of police officers changing
over the years, address the questions below relative to the current
state of policing and where we are headed in the future. As an optional
component of this assignment for extra credit, you may also interview a
law enforcement professional to get his/her explanation on this topic.

Write a three to four (3-4) page paper in which you:

1. Examine at least (2) of the eras of policing and discuss their main strengths and weaknesses.
2. Examine at least two (2) issues facing law enforcement today and explain the impact both of these issues have on social order.
3. Take a
   position on where law enforcement is headed in the next five (5) years.
   Discuss what you believe the future of policing looks like, and the main
   challenges you think law enforcement will face.
4. Describe
   the role of the public in cooperation with the police, as you see it, in
   the near future in order to improve the relationship between these
   groups and to optimally work together in facing the future challenges
   you identified.
5. Use at least three (3) quality resources in this assignment. Note: Wikipedia and similar Websites do not qualify as quality resources.

Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:

• Be typed,
  double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch
  margins on all sides; citations and references must follow APA or
  school-specific format. Check with your professor for any additional
  instructions.
• Include a
  cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name,
  the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and
  the reference page are not included in the required assignment page
  length.

The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:

• Distinguish the relationship of criminal justice to social justice and the wider notion of equity and fairness.
• Summarize the mission of law enforcement in democratic societies and describe the structure of American policing today.
• Summarize the current ethical issues faced by criminal justice professionals and future of the criminal justice system.
• Use technology and information resources to research issues in criminal justice.
• Write clearly and concisely about criminal justice using proper writing mechanics and APA style conventions.

Department standards require that your initial post be at least 250 words long each week. You must respond to at least three of your classmates’ initial posts (threads under your own post are not eligible for credit). Each of your peer responses must be at least 125 words long. Short posts will not be eligible for full credit. Your initial posts are due by 11:55 pm ET on Thursday night. Your peer responses are due by 11:55 pm ET on Sunday night. Late work will be graded in accordance with department policy, as follows:

• Work posted or submitted after the assignment due date will be reduced by 10% of the potential total score possible for each day late up to a total of five days, including forum posts/replies, quizzes, and assignments. Beginning on the sixth day late through the end of the course, late work, including forum posts/replies, quizzes, and assignments, will be accepted with a grade reduction of 50% of the potential total score earned.

Please choose one of the following questions to answer in your initial post. When responding to your classmates, you must respond to at least one person who chose a different question than you did. If all of your posts address the same question, you will not receive credit for one of your peer responses.

1. Obviously and rightfully, the first thoughts that come to mind concerning the Black Death are negative. There was, however, a “silver lining.” What were the positive impacts of the Black Death? In terms of history as a whole, do the pros outweigh the cons? Be sure to look beyond the enormously high mortality rate in order to consider the event as objectively as possible.

2. One of the common themes of the Renaissance was humanism. Choose one of the pieces of art linked below and explain its relationship to Renaissance humanism. Be detailed. Be sure to discuss specific details from your chosen artwork and from the textbook’s explanation of humanism.

• Sandro Botticelli, The Birth of Venus, 1485, panel, Uffizi Gallery, reproduced from Wikimedia Commons, accessed 8 November 2017,
  .
• Leonardo da Vinci, The Last Supper, 1495-1498, gesso, pitch, and mastic, Convent of Santa Maria delle Grazie, Milan, reproduced from Wikimedia Commons, accessed 8 November 2017,
  .
• Albrecht Dürer, Saint Jerome, 1521, Museu Nacional de Arte Antiga, Lisbon, reproduced from Wikimedia Commons, accessed 8 November 2017,
  .
• Michelangelo, The Deluge (Detail from the Ceiling of the Sistine Chapel), 1508-1509, fresco, Sistine Chapel, reproduced from Wikimedia Commons, accessed 8 November 2017,
  .
• Raphael, The School of Athens, 1509, fresco, Vatican museums, reproduced from Wikimedia Commons, accessed 8 November 2017,
  .

3. The textbook describes Niccòlo Machiavelli’s advice for leaders as encouraging “amoral political behavior, freed from the constraints of Christianity” (173). Consider the excerpt below from Machiavelli’s The Prince. Were his suggestions “amoral” or did they simply fit with Renaissance humanism? Use specific examples from the excerpt and / or from history to support your conclusions.

Taking others of the qualities I enumerated above, I say that a prince must want to have a reputation for compassion rather than for cruelty: nonetheless, he must be careful that he does not make bad use of compassion. Cesare Borgia was accounted cruel; nevertheless, this cruelty of his reformed the Romagna, brought it unity, and restored order and obedience. On reflection, it will be seen that there was more compassion in Cesare than in the Florentine people, who, to escape being called cruel, allowed Pistoia to be devastated. So a prince must not worry if he incurs reproach for his cruelty so long as he keeps his subjects united and loyal. By making an example or two he will prove more compassionate than those who, being too compassionate, allow disorders which lead to murder and rapine. These nearly always harm the whole community, whereas executions ordered by a prince only affect individuals. A new prince, of all rulers, finds it impossible to avoid a reputation for cruelty, because of the abundant dangers inherent in a newly won state. . . .

Nonetheless, a prince must be slow to take action, and must watch that he does not come to be afraid of his own shadow; his behaviour must be tempered by humanity and prudence so that over-confidence does not make him rash or excessive distrust make him unbearable.

From this arises the following question: whether it is better to be loved than feared, or the reverse. The answer is that one would like to be both the one and the other; but because it is difficult to combine them, it is far better to be feared than loved if you cannot be both. One can make this generalization about men: they are ungrateful, fickle, liars, and deceivers, they shun danger and are greedy for profit; while you treat them well, they are yours. They would shed their blood for you, risk their property, their lives, their children, so long, as I said above, as danger is remote; but when you are in danger they turn against you. Any prince who has come to depend entirely on promises and has taken no other precautions ensures his own ruin; friendship which is bought with money and not with greatness and nobility of mind is paid for, but it does not last and it yields nothing. Men worry less about doing an injury to one who makes himself loved than to one who makes himself feared. The bond of love is one which men, wretched creatures that they are, break when it is to their advantage to do so; but fear is strengthened by a dread of punishment which is always effective.

The prince must nonetheless make himself feared in such a way that, if he is not loved, at least he escapes being hated. For fear is quite compatible with an absence of hatred; and the prince can always avoid hatred if he abstains from the property of his subjects and citizens and from their women. If, even so, it proves necessary to execute someone, this is to be done only when there is proper justification and manifest reason for it. But above all a prince must abstain from the property of others; because men sooner forget the death of their father than the loss of their patrimony. It is always possible to find pretexts for confiscating someone’s property; and a prince who starts to live by rapine always finds pretexts for seizing what belongs to others. On the other hand, pretexts for executing someone are harder to find and they are less easily sustained.¹

Notes

1. Niccòlo Machiavelli, The Prince (London: Penguin Books, 1981), 95-97.

Bibliography

Machiavelli, Niccòlo. The Prince. London: Penguin Books, 1981.

In a response of about 250 to 500 words, characterize the current job market in your chosen profession. Try to imagine what sorts of questions you’ll have when you begin hunting for jobs, and try to answer them with some quick research (focus on your specific field, i.e. “mechanical engineering job market,” etc.), or by asking an expert in your field (professors, supervisors, mentors, etc.). If you need a few questions to get started, here are some things you might consider:

• How does this year’s market stack up against previous years?
• Are the sorts of companies you would be interested in working for actively recruiting entry-level (or whatever level you are at) positions?
• Is this a belt-tightening year, in which there are layoffs and the overall number of jobs in your field is shrinking?
• How much demand is there for someone with your particular degree and skills?
• Do your prospects improve if you are willing to relocate to another state. If you are trying to choose between a number of different specializations in your field, which of those areas gives you the best shot at a job or a higher income?

Make sure that you provide me with sources for your information. Give me links to internet sources, cite trade journals or news reports, and make sure to name any experts or other professionals you talk to (“According to so-and-so…”).

Also, make sure your information is current. You can use old sources to get a sense of the history of your job market, but if you are telling me something about the current year, your source needs to be current.

I AM A CHEMICAL ENGINEER MAJOR!!

Part 1

Read the following scenario and questions. Write a detailed response explaining the steps that you would use in helping your agency to coordinate client services more effectively.

Scenario:You are in your second year of working as a family prevention specialist for a mental health agency. Most of your time is spent assisting families who have one or both parents enrolled in one of your agency’s treatment programs. The key purpose of your job is to meet families every few weeks in their home to teach them to use effective communication and family management skills. However, lately, you and your coworkers have noticed that the clients need more referrals for substance abuse programs, parenting classes, and welfare services. One family whose members have been your clients for a month now has been unable to work on the prevention program because of their extreme needs.

This week, you realized that the mother, who is the client of your agency, seemed to be despondent, and the father was drunk. Their three children, ages 2, 4, and 6 told you that they were hungry because they had not eaten that day. You are overwhelmed listening to all of this and then you notice that the lights are out. The father explains that they could not pay the electric company that month.

After reading this scenario,assigned readings and reviewing the web resources, provide the following information in your post:

1.Make a list of all of the services that you think your agency can provide to help the family.

2.Then, Provide a list of other services needed and what agencies in your community that you could refer to. Describe the steps that you would take to coordinate these services for the family.

3.Lastly, would you make a child abuse/neglect report because of what you see while at the family’s residence? Support your ideas with a detailed explanation as to why you would or would not make a report

A) Analyze each story assigned for this module in terms of POV and perspective. (All of these stories are written in 1st person POV, but the writer’s choice of narrator (perspective) necessarily affects the story being told.) Your analysis should address why you think each author made the choices s/he made in terms of pov, perspective, character centrality, and temporal distance. (What motive/stake does the character seem to have in telling the story? How does it affect him/her? To what degree is the story about the narrating character vs. about someone/something else? If the story seems to be about someone else, what is revealed about that character and the narrating character by the narrator’s choices in which information to share?)

B) Pick one story and imagine at least two changes (in terms of pov, perspective, character centrality, or temporal distance)–determine how the changes might affect the story in question. What might we gain? Lose? How would this affect other elements of the story and the reader’s experience overall?

C) Peer question

– QUIZ

– peer respond