This paper consists of four sections. Your task is to choose one citation from each section and to write a critical commentary/analysis. You should consider the context of the citation, who is speaking, and why they say what they do. Feel free to draw on your knowledge of Plato, More, Machiavelli, and Boétie when writing your commentary.

Please do not write a summary of the book or the life of the theorist. An analysis is a focused piece of writing that examines a particular citation n detail.

Be sure to write precise, clear sentences. Analyses are normally one to two pages in length, double-spaced, and written in Times New Roman 12 point font.

Remember to:

• Include a cover page with your name, the professor’s name, the class and section number, and the date.
• Please use Times New Roman 12 point font.
• Start a new page for each answer.
• Number your answers clearly.
• Check spelling and grammar.

Critically analyze one of the following citations from Socrates:

From the Apology

1. ‘No man on earth who conscientiously opposes either you or any other organized democracy, and flatly prevents a great many wrongs and illegalities from taking place in the state to which he belongs, can possibly escape with his life. The true champion of justice, if he intends to survive even for a short time, must necessarily confine himself to private life and leave politics alone.’

From the Crito

2. ‘Compared with your mother and father your country is something far more precious, more venerable, more sacred, and held in greater honor both among the gods and among all reasonable men.’

Critically analyze one of the following citations from Thomas More:

From Book One

3. ‘There’s certainly no room for the academic variety [of philosophy], which says what it thinks irrespective of the circumstances. But there is a more civilized form of philosophy which knows the dramatic context, so to speak, tries to fit in with it, and plays an appropriate part in the current performance.’

From Book Two

4. ‘…war is the one thing they have in mind when accumulating all that wealth. You see, it’s meant to protect them in the event of any major crisis or emergency. Its chief function is to provide colossal rates for foreign mercenaries.’

Critically analyze one of the following citations from Niccolo Machiavelli:

5. ‘We can say that cruelty is used well (if it is permissible to talk in this way of what is evil) when it is employed once for all, and one’s safety depends on it, and then it is not persisted in but as far as possible turned to the good of one’s subjects. Cruelty badly used is that which, although infrequent to start with, as time goes on, rather than disappearing grows in intensity. [Those who use the latter method]…cannot possibly stay in power.’

6. ‘…the gulf between how one should live and how one does live is so wide that a man who neglects what is actually done for what should be done learns the way to self-destruction rather than self-preservation…if a prince wants to maintain his rule he must learn not to be virtuous, and to make use of this or not according to need.’

Critically analyze one of the following citations from Etienne de la Boétie:

7. ‘…let us imagine some newborn individuals, neither acquainted with slavery nor desirous of liberty, ignorant indeed of the very words. If they were permitted to choose between being slaves and free men, to which would they give their vote? There can be no doubt that they would much prefer to be guided by reason itself than to be ordered about by the whims of a single man.’

8. ‘Men are like handsome race horses who first bite the bit and later like it, and rearing under the saddle a while soon learn to enjoy displaying their harness and prance proudly beneath their trappings.’

Required Text:

• Plato, The Trial and Death of Socrates/The Last Days of Socrates

https://archive.org/stream/trialanddeathofs00plati…

• More, Utopia

https://www.planetebook.com/free-ebooks/utopia.pdf

• Machiavelli, The Prince

https://www.victoria.ac.nz/lals/about/staff/public…

• Etienne de la Boétie, Discourse on Voluntary Servitude

https://mises.org/sites/default/files/Politics%20o…

Email Inbox Exercise

Adapted from scenarios developed by KPMG and University of Leeds, UK)

The scenario

Your name is P Smith and you are the Marketing Manager of a company named Reeder. Your boss is Janet Clifton. Reeder is a retailing company specializing in sales of foods and pharmaceutical products that has branches through the country. Its head office, where you work, is in San Jose and its CEO is George Wilkes.

Reeder hired you because you are an ambitious, positive thinker who’ll make things happen. Read each question and consider the suggested courses of action. Then write an email or letter in which you implement the action you feel to be most appropriate.

Spend no more than 90 minutes on this exercise, and record your answers in a word-processing document with each response labeled as follows: “Response to Question 1,” “Response to Question 2,” etc.

Good luck!

Question 1 – Conference Confusion

From: George Wilkes

Subject: Innovations in Drugs Conference 21st October

I’ve just had a phone conversation with Frank Fielding of Kemiko, who are the major drug manufacturing companyorganizing the above conference. He tells me that there is going to be a presentation by the manufacturers of Supranine, a revolutionary new drug for hay fever sufferers that has just been approved for sale over the counter by retailers in this country. I’ve read several reviews of this new drug, and it looks set to take a very large share of the overall market.

I feel that the market in hay fever remedies is one that we have never properly got to grips with in this company, and since the size of this sector of the market expands every year, we must do something about this. We also regularly see drug sales plummet in the spring and summer months when cold remedies are not selling – increased sales of hay fever products would help to reduce this.

I’ve arranged a meeting with Karen for the week after the conference to discuss this, but she is on holiday the week before and therefore cannot attend the conference itself. I want you to make sure that you bring back a copy of all handouts relating to this product and any other information that you think we’ll need when coming to our decision as to whether or not to market this product.

What do you do?

A – Attend the conference

B – Send someone else

C – Don’t attend but order material to be sent

Question 2 – Company Car

From: R. Patel

Subject: Delivery of new company car

I’ve completed final negotiations with the dealer supplying your new company car. They’ll have it ready for pickup between 3 and 5 pm on Thursday, October 21st, so I would be grateful if you could arrange for it to be collected at that time. They have agreed to include the sunroof, remote alarm and the CD player at the price we originally agreed. I’ve also arranged for your old car to be collected from the car park at Head Office on the afternoon of the same day.

Please let me know immediately of any faults that you notice. When we’re paying this amount of money for a car it should be perfect!

What do you do?

A – Collect the car yourself

B – Arrange to collect the car another day

C – Arrange for someone else to collect the car

Question 3 – Legal Action

From: susan.yu@grabit&runne.co.uk (the company’s attorney)

Subject: Impending legal action by Kwono of Japan

I’ve been notified by our office in the Far East that Kwono is seriously considering taking legal action as a result of your high profile launch last month of Fango toothpaste. It appears that the name ‘Fango‘ was registered by Kwono three years ago and has been used by them for a highly successful cream to treat athlete’s foot in Japan and throughout the Far East. Last year ‘Fango‘ was apparently the most popular over-the-counter foot care product in Japan, and they have plans to market the product in Europe. Kwono is very unhappy that another product has been launched under the same name.

What do you do?

A – Immediately forward email to Janet Clifton and George Wilkes for them to action

B – Reply to email seeking legal advice, ‘cc’-ing it on to Janet Clifton and George Wilkes

C – Reply to email seeking legal advice

Question 4 – Charity Calls

You receive this letter:

FROM: National Society for Handicapped Children, Washington DC

TO: Head of Marketing, Reeder Ltd, San Jose, CA

Dear Sir or Madam,

As you know, we are one of the leading charities presently helping children and young people who suffer from a wide range of handicaps. There is a vast amount of work for us to do to bring some hope into the lives of many thousands of children, but unfortunately we find that our funds are not enough to enable us to do what we feel needs to be done. We rely very heavily on support from the public, and in particular from corporate sponsorship and donations to enable us to carry on with our work. To this end we have arranged a major fundraising concert on December 12 to be held at Symphony Hall inMountain View, featuring the City of San Jose Symphony Orchestra and Choir.

In order for this to be the success that we hope for, we are asking local businesses to support the event with sponsorship or a donation. We would be grateful for donations of whatever size, but if you feel able to contribute $1000 or more we would be able to arrange some corporate entertaining for a party of you and your guests at the concert.

Businesses have told us in the past that they find this type of entertaining a very pleasant way of thanking customers or staff for their support. I do hope that you will feel able to help us in this way. If you would like any further information about our organization or the work that we do, please do not hesitate to contact me.

Yours sincerely,

Richard Smethhurst

(Head of Fundraising)

What do you do?

A – Refer to Janet Clifton

B – Refuse donation

C – Give donation or sponsorship

Question 5 – It’s big news!

Reading the paper on the way to work you see this article…

CVS for Safeway

Retailing giants CVS and Safeway yesterday announced a deal which will see the pharmacy chain’s Health and Beauty shops opening on supermarket sites. Initially the openings will be on an experimental basis in seven stores, but if the experiment works, observers believe that the format could be introduced widely throughout the Safeway superstore chain.

Both companies were being cagey about the project’s potential yesterday. A Safeway spokeswoman would only say that if successful it is hoped to extend the trial into other stores. But one analyst said: “This has potentially enormous importance in the longer term.” Initially the experiment will be restricted to stores in Sunnyvale, San Bruno, Pleasanton, Milpitas, Santa Teresa, Los Gatos, and Santa Clara; Safeway will provide space and charge CVS rent.

CVS‘s downtown shops have been under pressure from Walgreens and other competitors who have undercut CVS on perfumes, sun creams and condoms. But CVS‘s spokeswomen could not comment on the company’s pricing strategy in the experimental concessions, and it is not known whether prices would match those in other health and beauty shops. Safewayalready has five concessions with Lloyds Chemists, and 12 Sketchley dry cleaners.

What do you do?

A – Email summary of article to Janet Clifton

B – Find article online and send link to Janet

C – Email summary and link, along with your recommendations for Reeder’s response to the news

Question 6 – Drinks do

You receive this email from Fred Hill, a manager at your level and working in a closely related area:

Subject: Drinks Do: Old Bell, Queens Rd, This Friday

As you may have heard, Marianne and I got engaged on Saturday, and we will be celebrating this at the Bell and Anchor on Friday. We hope that you will be able to join us at about 5.30 after work for a few drinks, and then to go on for a Chinese restaurant at about 7.30. We need to make a reservation at the restaurant, so please let me know whether you will be able to come. Boyfriends/girlfriends/husbands/wives are very welcome of course!

The following post-it note also arrives on your desk:

Your girlfriend/boyfriend phoned while you were away from your desk and asked me to give you the message that he/she has managed to book theatre tickets for the Regent Theatre on Queens Road for Friday night. Performance starts at 7.45pm. Please call back to confirm whether or not you can make it.

What do you do?

A – Go to Fred’s drinks and theatre

B – Go to Fred’s drinks, meal and theatre

C – Go to Fred’s drinks and meal

D – Go to Fred’s drinks only

Question 7 – Business Development

Minutes from a Business Development Committee meeting:

1. Proposed extension of range of ready meals.

F Hill reported back to the committee on this matter. There appears to be considerable evidence that ready meals arebecoming increasingly popular, particularly in the larger towns and cities where the main buyers appear to be office workers who buy meals during the day to save cooking for themselves in the evening. These products have a high margin. The potential problem with them is that they have a very short shelf life. Foreign foods and “healthy” foods

appear to be more popular than other types. G Wilkes proposed that a detailed costing exercise should be carried out. F Hill suggested that customer opinion could be sought in branches. J Clifton agreed to arrange this. Further discussion was deferred to the next meeting.

2. Introduction of lockable display cabinets.

K Milward reported that she was very unhappy about the introduction of lockable glass covers over many products inbranches. Although the committee had approved this three months ago, she felt that it was acting as a considerable deterrent to customers buying products, and sales had suffered accordingly. K Milward agreed to provide further detailed analysis of the fall in sales by line and the effect on profit. R West agreed to quantify the fall in shrinkage levels since these cabinets have been introduced. The matter would be further reviewed in the light of this information at the next meeting.

3. New branch opening.

J Clifton stated that arrangements for the opening of the new branch in Milpitas on November 18 were well in hand. All the normal publicity had been arranged for the event with exception of the 2-page spread in the San Jose Mercury News, which has not yet been arranged because they do not accept advertisements more than 1 month in advance of publication. The design work for the spread has been prepared. It was planned to appear in the November 12 edition. It was agreed that P Smith would arrange this.

4. Seasonal fluctuations in pharmaceutical product sales.

G Wilkes stated that he was concerned about the low sales in pharmaceutical products over the summer months that are experienced every year. Although this is due to very low sales in cough and cold remedies which yield high profits in the winter months, he felt that there were areas that we could expand which would compensate for this to some extent, such as insect repellent, hay fever treatments and skincare products. He is currently reviewing a number of possible products and hopes to have further information available for the next meeting.

5. Results for last month.

GW congratulated everyone, particularly the food sales staff, on very good results.

6. Any other business.

None.

What do you do?

A – Arrange branch opening publicity immediately

B – Organize customer research immediately

C – Arrange branch opening publicity and organize customer research

D – Delegate branch opening publicity

Question 8 – Synchronized Sponsorship

You receive this letter…

FROM: The Synchronized Swimming Society, West Valley College

TO: Marketing Manager, Reeder Ltd, San Jose

Dear Sir or Madam,

I am writing on behalf of our society, which was formed last year, in the hope that you will feel able to sponsor us on a tour of the Hawaiian islands. We hope to tour the islands next May for two weeks with a team of about 10 people. We plan to give demonstrations of synchronized swimming in the sea and swimming pools and to raise the profile of the sport in general by our presence.

We will be able to display the Reeder name and logo prominently on our swimwear, thus giving a high degree ofexposure to your company. We will also be able to publicize the use of some of the food and beauty products that you sell, for example waterproof cosmetics and slimming products (as several of our team have recently been on diets and will happily attribute their success to one or more of the diet programs that you sell).

We would hope that you would consider a figure in the region of $8,000 reasonable for such sponsorship. We look forward to hearing from you and feel sure that this arrangement will be very beneficial to us both in the future.

Yours faithfully,

Alison Worth

Secretary

What do you do?

A – Refer letter to your boss, Janet, with a recommendation

B – Accept sponsorship

C – Write a declining letter

Primary Discussion Response is due by Friday (11:59:59pm Central), Peer Responses are due by Tuesday (11:59:59pm Central).

Primary Task Response: Within the Discussion Board area, write 400–600 words that respond to the following questions with your thoughts, ideas, and comments. This will be the foundation for future discussions by your classmates. Be substantive and clear, and use examples to reinforce your ideas.

The time value of money concept is one of the 3 major principles of the study and practice of financial management. It is used to evaluate potential investments, determine a rate of return on a project, calculate the required payments on a loan or annuity, and estimate a future value of funds currently invested and the present value of funds to be received at some future date. It is imperative that managers at all levels of business have a working knowledge of this topic. In your first task, you have been asked to engage your colleagues in a detailed and documented discussion about the time value of money concept: what it is, why it is important, how it is used, and generally, how the applications to single and periodic payments are computed using various calculation methods and formulas.

In your initial post, identify and recommend at least 1 credible Web site that an investor can visit to find the current market value of market indexes such as the Dow Industrial Averages, and address at least 3 of the following:

• What is the discounted cash flow concept, and why is it essential for financial managers to understand and employ this important concept?
• What are the methods associated with evaluating single or periodic payments, and what is at least 1 application of each?
• Discuss the different methods that can be used to calculate these amounts, and explain how at least 1 of these models can be used.
• How can the time value of money models or formulas be used to determine the rate of return for an investment or the time it will take for a current sum to grow to a desired future amount?
• Discuss the “Rule of 72” and how it can be used to estimate how long it takes for money to double at various rates of return.
• Identify and recommend at least 1 credible Web site that an investor can visit to find the current market value of market indexes such as the Dow Industrial Averages.

Be sure to document your posts with in-text citations, credible sources, and properly listed references.

Responses to Other Students: Respond to at least 2 of your fellow classmates with a reply of 100–200 words about their Primary Task Response regarding items you found to be compelling and enlightening. To help you with your discussion, please consider the following questions:

• What did you learn from your classmate’s posting?
• What additional questions do you have after reading the posting?
• What clarification do you need regarding the posting?
• What differences or similarities do you see between your posting and other classmates’ postings?

For assistance with your assignment, please use your text, Web resources, and all course materials.

There are 2 documents containing 4 posts total (2 in each document). Please read them and create a reply

This can be an opinion, follow-up question, discussion, remark, argument, or agreement about what was stated. Remember to stay professional in your postings. You are free to disagree or agree with something that someone has said, but you must clearly show why. Discuss how you feel their postings relate or are different from your own. Feel free to debate points, and hold a discussion!

Note: Each participation response should be a “minimum” of 300 words each (does not count references and or restating what a classmate said) and include “at least” one properly referenced source each (in accordance with APA 6th edition), for full credit.

Virtual Field Trip – Career Choice

Embark on a virtual field trip. Researching online, explore different career fields that interest you. Share with your classmates which career field or fields you found most interesting. Why do you find it interesting? What is the salary range and average income for people working in that field? What level of education is required to work in that career field? How do your findings affect your career, educational, and financial plans?

Please respond to the initial question by day 5 and be sure to post two additional times to peers and/or instructor by day 7. The initial post by day 5 should be 75 to 150 words, but may go longer depending on the topic. If you use any source outside of your own thoughts, you should reference that source. Include solid grammar, punctuation, sentence structure, and spelling.

Grading Criteria	Maximum Points
In your initial post, clearly present well-reasoned ideas and concepts.	25
Post to at least two additional students or the instructor reflecting on the other participants’ postings. You should actively participate in the discussion.	10
Total