Children who have been abused or traumatized in some way may benefit from working with a therapist. Children often reenact trauma through repetitious play in order to establish mastery over their emotions and integrate experiences into their history on their own terms. Through the use of toys and props, children may naturally share their emotions and past experiences without feeling the pressure they might encounter with traditional talk therapy.

Respond by Day to a colleague by expanding on evidence in support of play therapy. (Please include 2 peer reviewed references)

Response to Tiffany

Post an explanation of ways play therapy might be beneficial for Claudia. Using the insights gained from the articles, describe ways you might have worked with Claudia to address her fears and anxiety related to the mugging she witnessed.

Claudia experienced a very traumatic event when she witnessed someone being mugged. This event caused her a great deal of anxiety and emotions. Since Claudia is so young, she lacks the ability to just cope with her feelings and fears which is why play therapy is of value in this case. Play therapy is a great way to get young children to express their feelings and/or identify verbally and non-verbally how they view particular situations. According to Chiesa (2012), the therapist uses empathic transactions (Hargaden & Sills, 2002) aimed at the reality in which the child finds himself or herself in the moment and at sustaining and stimulating qualities that the child cannot recognize or that have not yet developed

Children are hard to read when attempting to help them with psychological development/issues so play therapy allows them to show you what is bothering them while empowering them that what their need is are being heard and understood. I would definitely use utilize a form of play therapy with Claudia. I think when children are comfortable in their surroundings, they would be able to show you what they are experiencing through their imaginations. The sand table was a great way to get Claudia talking but maybe having Claudia to role-play what she feels and me, as the therapist, playing along with her would allow me to observe her while pulling more out her. We could also use action-figures or other toys to determine her views in a scenario. The child’s Little Professor (Berne, 1972) is thereby stimulated to look creatively for a shape or object that will render his or her emotional state expressible and externally visible (Chiesa, 2012).

Reference:

Chiesa, C. (2012). Scripts in the sand: Sandplay in transactional analysis psychotherapy with children. Transactional Analysis Journal, 42(4), 285-293. Retrieved from Walden University Library Databases.

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Response to Hilda

Play therapy is beneficial to Claudia because it allows her to speak to the therapist in her own language. Play can be defined as a language among children. Claudia does not have the intellectual or verbal skills to communicate her issues effectively to the therapist. Play therapy, allows children a tool to express themselves until they develop or feel comfortable with self-expression. In the case of Claudia, after play therapy was used she improved. “Claudia developed the ability to engage in affect identification, verbalizing her feelings and often sharing relevant stories” (Plummer, Makris, & Brocksen, 2014, p.14). Play therapy produced positive results for Claudia.

One way I would assist Claudia is not to be a participant in the play theory. The Therapist must be an observer not play with the child. I would observer and document her interactions with the objects. . “In the presence of the therapist, children can dialogue with the images that they have created in the sand and enter into contact with their emotional world, relive certain distressing situations without being overwhelmed, and activate possible transformations” (Chiesa 2012 pg.289). I would monitor the amount of time and ensure it is being well spent. Through observation and lack of interaction, I will prevent the data collection from being skewed.

The objects used in sand play are very important. I would be mindful when selecting objects for Claudia during sand play therapy. I would select objects that are age appropriate. According to Chiesa (2012) “The centrality of the corporeal and sensory activation renders the use of this material in the therapeutic field fit to energize the child” (p.287). By making the object in the sand relatable to Claudia and age appropriate, it will assist with a positive outcome.

References

Chiesa, C. (2012). Scripts in the sand: Sandplay in transactional analysis psychotherapy with children. Transactional Analysis Journal, 42(4), 285–293.

Plummer, S-B, Sara Makris, S. & Brocksen S.M.(Eds). (2014) Social Work Case Studies: Concentration Year. Baltimore, MD: Laureate International Universities Publishing, (Vital Source e-reader).

Section 1: Identify, Correct, and Explain the Errors (50 points, total)

In the following sentences, please complete the following:

– Circle/underline the error

– Identify the type of error (subject-verb disagreement, sentence fragment, non parallel list, etc.)

– Define the error (briefly describe why the error is incorrect)

– Rewrite the sentence without the error.

*note that some sentences may contain more than one error—correct them all. I put some punctuation errors in there, too :). You may have to add words and switch around phrases when correcting the sentences. If you have already described why an error is incorrect, please feel free to write “see number x for explanation.”

Go!

1. While mixing quite delicious Shirley temples, with ruby red syrup mixed in with bar spoons, the cherries spilled all over the floor, which upset me and Shirley.

corrected version:

2. Maria and Keri, frustrated at the first question, audibly complained to Professor Sam: “This is so stupid and so are you”, they said. She then swiftly up from her chair. But she sits back down after she realized her grave error.

corrected version:

3. After complaining and forgetting that Professor Sam is erroneously sensitive especially concerning his composition of grammatical errors, we found we enjoyed the test, no one minded that Professor Sams sentences were like that.

corrected version:

4. John was upset. Because he thought this test were going to be easier. Turns out he likes sitting in Sarah’s seat better than he likes grammar; an admirable quality.

corrected version:

5. I gave the test to a very excited CO 201 class. They cheered—”Grammar is awesome, we really love it,” crying tears of joy and appreciation. We really wonder who you plan on administering it to next!

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6. Seeing that grammar can be very complicated, and yet exceedingly thrilling and useful knowledge for us to obtain. It matters to the whole lot of we in CO 201.

corrected version:

7. Okay that one was easier but do you think that you will be able to get this one, to correct the errors and ultimately scoring more highly than her?

corrected version:

8. After they had been baked in the oven for 35 minutes, Fannie and Freddie decided to add more sauce to the pizzas.

corrected version:

9. HELPING HURT CHILDREN IS REWARD ENOUGH

(real headline from The Charlotte Observer)

corrected version:

10. JUDGE DEBATING STATE EXECUTION PROCEDURE RESPECTED BY LAWYERS

(real headline from San Francisco Chronicle)

corrected version:

Solve the following two tasks;

Task A: Financial Statement Analysis

The Directors of Helena Beauty Products (LTD) have being presented with the following abridged financial statements. They have requested the accounts manager to provide a report over the past five years of the financial statements.

Income statement and Statement of Financial Position will be attached

You are required to prepare financial statement analysis report to the management. You report should include the following data;

Prepare common size index financial position statement for the above period and give a critical comment on the same.

Compute the below given ratios and analyze them. Your analysis should include graphs representing the trend of each ratio. Further your report should include the financial strengths and weaknesses of the firm with the available information. (each ratio should have a graph)

• Liquidity ratios (current ratio and acid test ratio)
• Solvency ratio (Dept-equity, interest coverage ratio)
• Profitability ratio (gross profit margin, net profit margin, return on capital employed, within on equity)
• Activity ratio (inventory holding period, debtor collection period, creditors payment period)

Task B: Project Risk Analysis

Telematics PLC is considering two mutually exclusive projects, cables and satellite. The possible NPVs for each project and their associated probabilities are as follows;

Two tables will be attached.

• Calculate Expected NPV
• Calculate the standard deviation of NPV
• Appraise the management about this project with your comments

Reimbursement Issues for Nurse Practitioners

Understanding the complex process of accurate coding and billing is essential to a sustainable practice. As Nurse Practitioners, we are ultimately responsible for ensuring all coding and billing is accurate for each patient seen. For this Discussion, you will search the health care literature and summarize a peer-reviewed journal article published within the last five years.

To prepare:

• Select one of the following topics:
  • Applying for Medicare and Medicaid Provider Numbers
  • Application process for National Provider Identifier Number
  • Incident to billing
  • Coding-Evaluation & Management
  • Fraudulent billing
  • Billing Self-Pay patients
  • Managed Care Organizations
• Conduct a search and select a peer-reviewed journal article published within the last five years related to the topic you selected.

Note: For this Discussion, all students are to avoid all written work, which reviews or outlines coding and billing at previous or current worksites as well as previous or current practicum sites.

Post a brief summary of the article you selected. Include the key reimbursement issue addressed and how they would impact the NP in a collaborative practice versus and independent practice. Discuss an ethical or legal implication(s) associated with your article.

References

Required Readings

Buppert, C. (2018). Nurse practitioner’s business practice and legal guide (6th ed.). Sudbury, MA: Bartlett & Jones Learning.

• Chapter 9, “Reimbursement for Nurse Practitioner Services” (pp. 311-325)

Optional Resources

Schiff, M. (2012). The role of nurse practitioners in meeting increasing demand for primary care. https://www.nga.org/cms/home/nga-center-for-best-practices/center-publications/page-health-publications/col2-content/main-content-list/the-role-of-nurse-practitioners.html